MICROSATELLIT MARKERS BAT25 AND BAT26 IN SUBJECTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER IN SENEGAL.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is becoming more and more frequent. Diagnosis is essentially based on the identification of mutations at the level of markers selected at the international meeting held in Bethesda (December 1997). We distinguish BAT25 and BAT26 among these markers. Because of their polymorphism, they have been incriminated in several cancer pathologies such as CRC. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of polymorphism of the identified two markers in a Senegalese population with CRC. Methodology: The study involved 29 patients with CRC. They were selected at different health care facilities, namely Principal Hospital, Grand Yoff Hospital and the Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital in Dakar. A sample of healthy tissue and another of tumor tissue were extracted from each patient. To serve as controls, other samples were taken from subjects without CRC. The samples were sent to the laboratory for DNA extraction. The BAT25 and BAT26 markers were then amplified by PCR and sequenced. In each person, the sequenced BAT25 and BAT26 loci were contiguous to have a single sequence. Dnasp version 5.10, MEGA version 6.06 and the Harlequin version 3.5.1.3 program were used to highlight the parameters of variability, genetic distances and genetic structuring test according to the clinical parameters of patients such as age, sex and the location of the tumor. Results: The comparison between healthy tissue and tumor tissue from each patient revealed a high variability of BAT25 and BAT26 loci with mutations specific to the tumor tissues. This difference is confirmed by the nature of the mutations observed. Of these mutations, the most frequent is the deletion of a thymine at position 72 (72delT). This variability between healthy tissue and tumor tissue is further confirmed by the genetic distance of Nei. On the other hand, no genetic structuration of the BAT25 and BAT26 loci was observed as a function of clinical-pathological parameters. Face biometrics assumes an essential part in different authentication applications. Yet, there is a design issues exists to ensure the genuine person along with its originality being alived. For the improvement of such kind of robust framework of face verification along with anit-spoofing, the database should include three kinds of data i.e. Genuine, Fake and Imposter. In this paper, a database is designed to work for face verification and anti-spoofing technique. The Local Binary Pattern is adopted to extract the features and calculate the scores for genuine, fake and imposter attacks. This research would provide a more realistic and challenging platform for facial anti-spoofing and verification research.