PREVALENCE OF PRE-HYPERTENSION IN POPULATION OF SOUTH INDIA

Dr. Shivasubramanyam 1 , Dr. CRPS Krishna 1 , Dr. K. Surya Pavan Reddy 2 and Dr. Rajendra Prasad 3 . 1. Asso. Prof. Kamineni Medical College, Narketpalli, Telangana. 2. Prof. – Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences Chittoor, A.P. 3. Prof. K.M.C, Warangal, Telangana. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History


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This work is a survey where 812 out-patient participants were selected and surveyed during (2014)(2015)(2016). We compared the association of elevated BP, using the criteria set by the JNC.
This study denotes the importance of detection of prehypertension and emphasizes the need for the need for early treatment or necessary lifestyle modifications and precautions to be taken so that many later complications can be avoided.

Material and Methods:-
Usual sized BP cuffs were used to measure BP every 5 minutes, by qualified doctors using standardized mercuriccolumn sphygmomanometer, with the subject volunteer sitting and an average of the 3 BP measurements was used to find hypertension or prehypertension.
Specifically, BP was measured 3 times according to a standard protocol interval during a single visit. According to the guidelines set by the World Health Organization and the National Institutes of Health, hypertension should be assessed based on the average of ≥2 BP readings taken at ≥2 visits after an initial screening.

Discussion:-
JNC VII was not the only source for the term pre-hypertension or the BP range that defines it. In 1939 Robinson and bracer defined BP in the range of 120-139/80 to 89 mm of hg as prehypertensive when compared with normotensive individuals. Pre-hypertensive individuals are more likely to be overweight and obese to have other cardiovascular risk factors to progress to established HTN and to experience premature clinical CVD Data from the 1999 and 2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) estimated that the prevalence of prehypertension among adults in the United States was approximately 31 percent. The prevalence was higher among men than women (39 %and 29% respectively).. At last 7 cohort studies documented a significant contributed of stage2 pre HTN to CVD risk.

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Control, 812 139 Female 673 Male 558 High incidence i.e. 32.87% of prehypertension observed in this study was similar to that reported elsewhere in India ;Chennai 47.4%, West Bengal 50%, and Kerala 44.3%.. Elevated blood pressure develops gradually over many years usually without a specific identifiable cause. However, possible medical causes, such as medications, kidney disease, adrenal problems or thyroid problems, must first be excluded. High blood pressure that develops over time without a specific cause is considered benign or essential hypertension. Blood pressure also tends to increase as a person ages.
A primary risk factor for prehypertension is being overweight. Other risk factors include a family history of hypertension, a sedentary lifestyle, eating high sodium foods, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake. Blood pressure levels appear to be familiar, but there is no clear genetic pattern.
Prehypertension is often asymptomatic (without symptoms) at the time of diagnosis. Only extremely elevated blood pressure (malignant hypertension) can, in rare cases, cause headaches, visual changes, fatigue, or dizziness, but these are nonspecific symptoms which can occur with many other conditions. Thus, blood pressures above normal can go undiagnosed for a long period of time.

Conclusions:-
Findings from the current investigations it must be considered within the context of the study's limitations. Specifically, BP was measured 3 times according to a standard protocol during only a single visit. According to the guidelines set by the World Health Organization and the National Institutes of Health, hypertension should be assessed based on the average of ≥2 BP readings taken at ≥2 visits after an initial screening.
Furthermore, the covariates for example, diet, anxiety and depression, and pharmacological treatment, which may have effects on these associations, were not included in this survey. Furthermore, the co-variants for example, diet, anxiety, and depression, and pharmacological treatment, which may have effects on these associations, were not included in this survey.