EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SKIN ADNEXAL TUMORS: STUDY OF 97 CASES

Maria Dref 1 , Imane Boujguenna 1 , Anass Fakhri 1 , Said Amal 2 and Hanane Rais 1 . 1. Department of anatomy and pathology, FMPM-UCAM CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech-Morocco. 2. Department of Dermatology, FMPM-UCAM-CHU Mohammed, VI-Marrakech-Morocco. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 16 September 2019 Final Accepted: 18 October 2019 Published: November 2019


Material and Methods:-
This retrospective study was conducted in the Anatomy Pathology Unit of the MOHAMMED VI University hospital of MARRAKECH from January 2004 to September 2019. A total of 97 cases of skin adnexal tumors were diagnosed.
Our study included all patients with skin adnexal tumor, diagnosed first clinically and confirmed after by pathological study on specimen or biopsy, the validation were based on the histological classification of adnexal tumors proposed by the World Health Organization WHO (2018). Suspected and unconfirmed cases, were excluded (hamartomas and adnexal cysts).
From the anatomo-pathological data document, we collected epidemiological data: age, sex, location, size and histological type of the tumor.

Results:-
The main reason for consultation was skin mass in different locations (Table 1) ( Figure 2).The average age of patients were 34 years with extreme ages ranging including ages from 19 to 87 years old . The distribution of patients through sex showed a male predominance with 53.6% for women 46.4% and the sex ratio was defined with 1.15 ( Figure 1). Among follicular tumors, the predominant histological type was pilomatricoma found in 23 cases (23.7%) followed by trichoadenoma and trichoblastoma in 10 cases for each (9.7%). Among eccrine / apocrine tumors, there were 21 cases (21.7%) of hidradenoma, 11 cases (11.3%) of eccrineporoma (figures 4,5,6 et 7).
For the sebaceous tumors, only 3 cases of sebaceous adenoma were defined (Table 2).

Discussion:-
Few studies have focused on Skin adnexal tumors, due its complexity [3]. The average age of our patients was 34 years old; this result is comparable to that reported by Gayathri et al that show the average age was 35.2% and Samaila et al. with an average age with 33 years old. [9,10], considering the sex factor there was a slight male predominance (sex ratio of 1.15), which is consistent with the literature [1,5,8].
In our case study, adnexal skin tumors are mainly located in the region of the head and neck, while the limbs and trunk are less affected; this is due to the great abundance of cutaneous adnexal structures at this level, this result is explained by Sharma et al. [5], proved that cutaneous adnexal tumors affect the head and neck region in 64.28% of cases, the trunk in 14.28% of cases, and the upper limbs in 12.5% of cases. This is also authentic with the study of Nair and al [6].
Benign tumors are the most common, it is in agreement with all other statistics in the literature [1;5,6,8,10]. Malignant tumors remain rare and occur at a later age [6,8]. For Nair and Ankit et al., Eccrine / apocrine tumors are the most common followed by follicular and sebaceous tumors [5,6].

Conclusion:-
This work made it possible to study skin adnexal tumors, which is only studied in few cases The adnexal skin tumors are most often benign but characterized by their clinical polymorphism, which explains the importance of clinical and histological data that confirm or deny clinical diagnosis.