DESIGN OF SLOPE FOR ROAD EMBANKMENT WITH THE HELP OF SOFTWARE FOR FINE SAND WITH SANITARY WARE WASTE MATERIAL

Akash Gupta 1 , Dr. N. K. Ameta 2 and Priyanka Sharma 3 .  1. M.E. Scholar, Deptt. of Civil Engineering, M.B.M. Engg. College, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. 2. Professor, Deptt. of Civil Engineering, M.B.M. Engg. College, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. 3. M.E. Scholar, Deptt. of Civil Engineering, M.B.M. Engg. College, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History

890 steepening of slope of the embankment till the recommended factor of safety so that there is no slope failure caused to the slope stability. A geotechnical software which is based on limit equilibrium method has been used in simulating and stability analysis of embankments of various heights founded with fine sand of different dry densities mixed with different percentage of sanitary ware waste material. Bishop simplified method is used in this analysis. The values of the dry densities and the angle of internal friction of fine sand mixed with various percentages of sanitary ware waste have been taken from the experiments conducted in the laboratory.
Arora et al (2016) carried out an economical study on safety of earthen embankments by use of marble slurry. The embankment made from such stabilized soil at different M.S. ratio have been tested for slope stability analysis keeping other variable constant and it is found safe up to 25% marble slurry. Factor of safety is calculated by software with two different methods i.e. Bishop

Materials and Their Properties:-
Fine Sand:-Fine sand is spread in huge areas throughout the Western Rajasthan (India). The sand used in present investigation was brought from location near Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The various geotechnical properties have been determined by particle size distribution on fine sand (Table 1).  Table 2 shows the physical and engineering properties of tested sanitary ware waste material.  Table 3 shows the variable which are investigated in present research.

Slope Stability Analysis:-
The software which was used in this investigation is widely used in various civil engineering applications. It is one of powerful tools for analysis, include the use of finite element computed pore-water pressure and stresses in a stability analysis. Slope/w model formed with the help of slope geometry soil properties. This software is used to find out lowest value of factor of safety. Factor of safety is calculated by Bishop simplified method. According to IRC 75:1979, the acceptable factor of safety for the design of low embankments is 1.25. Investigation is done for two lane road embankment of height 6.0 m, 7.5 m, 9.0 m and width 8 m (taking allowance for shoulders) by steeping of side slope to the maximum extent till the factor of safety of the critical slip surface remains within the recommended limit of 1.25 as per IRC 75:1979. Figures 2 and 3 show the entry and exit of slip surface and all valid critical slip surfaces.     Table 8, 9 and 10 represent the saving of quantity of earthwork, cost of earthwork and cost reduction ratio of fine sand of dry densities 1.50 gm/cc, 1.55 gm/cc and 1.58 gm/cc mixed with 0%, 2%, 4%, 8% and 12% sanitary ware waste material for different heights of embankment 6.0 m, 7.5 m and 9.0 m for 1 km long two lane road.    The graphs between the height and the cross-sectional area of the embankment are more or less linear for different percentages of sanitary ware waste mixed with the fine sand. The graphs clearly indicate that when percentage sanitary ware waste material mixed with the fine sand increases from 0% to 12%, the cross sectional area reduces to the maximum extent implying that slope is the steepest when percentage of sanitary ware waste material is 12% irrespective of the height of the embankment. It is also concluded that the slope is maximum when fine sand having maximum dry density i.e. 1.58gm/cc mixed with 12% of sanitary ware waste material.

Conclusions:-
The following conclusions are drawn from present investigation: 1. The slope stability analysis conducted by the software provides results in a very short time and thus can be used easily for the design of slope of road embankments. 2. When the percentage of sanitary ware waste material by weight mixed with fine sand is increased from 0% to 12%, irrespective of the height of the road embankment, its slope is steepened from 2 124.69 sqm and 234.00 sqm to 165.15 sqm for road embankment of height 6.0 m, 7.5 m and 9.0 m respectively by using percentage of admixture as sanitary ware waste material from 0% to 12%. 5. For 1.58 gm/cc dry density of fine sand, cross sectional area reduces from 112.80 sqm to 87.24 sqm, 161.25 sqm to 121.31 sqm and 217.80 sqm to 160.29 sqm for road embankment of height 6.0 m, 7.5 m and 9.0 m respectively by using percentage of admixture as sanitary ware waste material from 0% to 12%. 897 6. The maximum cost reduction ratio for the road embankment of height 6.0 m varies from 0.80 to 0.83 when the density of the fine sand varies from 1.50 gm/cc to 1.58 gm/cc mixed with 12% sanitary ware waste material. Thus the approximate saving in the cost of construction of road embankment of height 6.0 m varies between 17% to 20% 7. The maximum cost reduction ratio for the road embankment of height 7.5 m varies from 0.77 to 0.81 when the density of the fine sand varies from 1.50 gm/cc to 1.58 gm/cc mixed with 12% sanitary ware waste material. Thus the approximate saving in the cost of construction of road embankment of height 7.5 m varies between 19% to 23%. 8. The maximum cost reduction ratio for the road embankment of height 9.0 m varies from 0.76 to 0.79 when the density of the fine sand varies from 1.50 gm/cc to 1.58 gm/cc mixed with 12% sanitary ware waste material. Thus the approximate saving in the cost of construction of road embankment of height 9.0 m varies between 21% to 24%. 9. The reduction in cross-section of road embankment was tremendous and the cost of the construction is also reduced to a good extent.