LIPID PROFILE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS STATUS IN CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT PATIENTS

Ahmed W. Al-khalifa, Dr. Majid A. Maatook and Dr. Abdulkareem M. Jewad. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Health and Medical Technology, Southern Technical University, Basrah / Iraq. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History

Stroke is a serious life threatening condition, which continues to be a major public health problem leading to death and severe neurologic disability, therefore the present study was aimed to study the lipid profile, oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in cerebrovascular accident (CVA) patients. The study was carried out in the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology in Southern Technical University. 5-7 ml of Blood was drawn into gel tube and was utilized for estimation of lipid profile parameters, oxidative stress marker concentration and antioxidant enzymes activities. The mean values of TC, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c, SOD, GPx and CAT were significantly increased in CVA patients as compared to control group (p<0.05) and HDL was decreased in CVA patients as compared to control group (p<0.05). Serum MDA was significantly increase in CVA patients as compared to control group (p<0.05), serum iron was significantly decreased, while copper levels showed insignificant changes in CVA patients as compared to control group (p<0.05). The present study reveals the importance of determining the lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in CVA patients to enable the formulation of specific therapies for early intervention and better management of disease.

Introduction:-
Stroke or what is known medically as cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the third cause of medically related mortality and the second leading cause of neurological morbidity (after Alzheimer disease) in the USA and Europe. It is the fourth most common cause of death in Singapore (Gutteridge and Halliwell, 2015). Stroke is the third most common cause of death in most western populations, after coronary heart disease (CHD) and cancer (CA), information on incidence, prevalence, morbidity and mortality of stroke is extremely important in the evaluation of priorities for dealing with this disease (

Materials and Methods:-
The study was carried out in the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology in Southern Technical University, Basra, Iraq. Cerebrovascular accident patients attending and admitted in neurology department during the period of November 2017 until the end of August 2018 to enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident were based on CT and MRI. Exclusion criteria: 1. Previous history of CVA. 2. Transient ischemic attack (TIA). 3. Intracranial hemorrhage. 4. History of infections and inflammatory disease. 5. Autoimmune or hematological disorder. 6. Use of lipid lowering drugs, immunosuppression or anti-inflammatory drugs in the previous 2 months.

Inclusion criteria:
All acute stroke patients.

Samples collection:
9-10 ml of fasting venous blood was drawn into vacutainers gel tube from the stroke patients and the control subjects. The sera was separated by centrifugation and was utilized for determination of lipid profile, MDA concentration, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx and CAT) activities, iron and copper. Biochemical Analysis: A kit supplied by Biolabo Company, using fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer (Architect c4000, Abbott, Germany), measured serum lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL-c and HDL-c). VLDL-C was calculated from the formula: VLDL-C=Triglyceride/5. (Tietz, 2014). Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was estimated by a kit supplied by Elabscience, USA. Serum Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was estimated by a kit supplied by Elabscience, USA. Serum Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was estimated by a kit supplied by Elabscience, USA. Serum Catalase activity was estimated by a kit supplied by Bioassay, USA. A kit supplied by Architect, Germany estimated serum iron levels. A kit supplied by Architect, Germany estimated serum copper levels.

Statistical analysis:
Statistical analysis between stroke patients (both ischemic and hemorrhagic) and control group were done by using SPSS, t-test and the results were expressed as Mean (M), standard deviation (S.D.). Difference between the study group and control group were considered significant when the p value determined by t-test was less than 0.05 (p<0.05).   The total number was 160 subjects, and were categorized into two groups, first group consists of 110 patients with acute stroke and the second group consists of 50 apparently healthy control subjects.