PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS

1. Assistant Professor and consultant family medicine, Department of Family Medicine, faculty of medicine, king abdulaziz university, KSA. 2. Medical intern, Ibn Sina National College, KSA postal address: jeddah, Al-Thaghr neighborhood., 22338. 3. Medical interns, Ibn Sina National College, KSA. 4. Medical student, MBBS, King khalid university, KSA. 5. Medical student, MBBS, Batterjee Medical College, KSA. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 12 October 2019 Final Accepted: 14 November 2019 Published: December 2019 Copy Right, IJAR, 2019,. All rights reserved.


ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 7 (12), 1008-1016 1009 Similarly, in our study the focus will be on medical students because they under the pressure and stress depend on the learning environment more than other educational categories.
On the other hand in this study Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Risk Factors in Riyadh City, 2017 (Algabr et al., 2018) The Conclusion was: The majority of subjects had proper knowledge about the nature, prognosis and risk factors of the disease. Other studies should be conducted to measure the KAP of other Saudi population toward IBS from different regions of KSA.
This study (Algabr et al., 2018) its general study did not address the identification of a particular idea.

Research Objectives:-
The Aim: determine the prevalence and risk factors of IBS among medical students.
Objective:- 1. Identify the IBS disease most common among males or females. 2. Determine the most affected age group for IBS. 3. To identify the most prevalent risk factors. 4. To determine the extent of intellectual awareness about the severity of the disease.

Methodology:-Study design:
This is an analytical cross-sectional study.

Study Setting and period:
This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted at Universities and hospitals (from the medical students), KSA from may 2019 till November 2019.

Study population and sampling: Study participants:
Inclusion criteria; All medical students. Exclusion criteria; non-medical students.

Sampling Method:-
Participants will be especially from medical universities and colleges selected and carried out by questionnaire.

Sampling size:
Sample size was calculated using OpenEpi for sample size calculation for cross sectional studies, hypothesizing the true answers Accordingly, 2201 participants were gathered from the medical students. score of prevalence of who suffering from stomach, gut and bowel problems 49.93 % from the number of responses and the 1411 females' responses from the total number of sample.

Measurements:
Explanatory variables: 1. Sociodemographic characteristics: gender, age, nationality. 2. Disease-related information: risk factors, the type of dealing with the disease in terms of seriousness, presence of complications and associated disease, etc.

Outcome measures:
The outcome measure is by counting the ratio of the number of medical students have risk factors of IBS this will be 1010 Measured using: By determining the extent of the disease in addition to the risk factors that lead to suffering from IBS.
Prevalence study: will be carried to test the questionnaire if easily understood and the response of the participants. Data from the crosssectional study will be used to calculate the sample size.

Data Management and Analysis plan:
Data will be entered and analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 Descriptive statistics will be performed and categorical data will be displayed as frequencies and percentages while measures of central tendencies and measures and dispersion will be used to summarize continuous variables. Univariate and multivariate analysis will be performed to investigate association between exposure factors gender, age, nationality, risk factors, the type of dealing with the disease in terms of seriousness, presence of complications and associated disease. statistical significance is set at a P value of 0.05 or less. Correlations: Table 1:-P value is 0.010, which means there is a strong relationship between smoking and having emotional distress.
1011 Table 2:-P value is 0.004, which means there is a strong relationship between having diabetes and having stomach, gut and bowel problems such as heartburn, acid stomach, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation. Table 3:-P value is 0.002, which means there is a strong relationship between having depression and having emotional distress.
1012 Table 4:-P value is 0.000, which means there is a strong relationship between having diabetes having autoimmune disease.
Table5:-P value is 0.005, which means there is a strong relationship between having emotional distress and using antibiotic frequently. Table 6:-P value is 0.000 which means there is a strong relationship between having diarrhea with blood or mucous and using the laxatives drugs.

Discussion:-
This study was based on a number of 2201 participants, from this study as the number of females is 1411 and males is 790 and ,1099 of them have stomach, gut and bowel problems which is considering as unhealthy sign requires going to the doctor for a health check-up, on the otherwise the most of risk factors related to IBS in this study didn't given clear or strong results.
The current study showed statistically significant (P value is 0.010) which means there is a strong relationship between smoking and having emotional distress this means that smoking and emotional distress may constitute an important impact on the risk factors of IBS, (P value is 0.004) which means there is a strong relationship between having diabetes and having stomach, gut and bowel problems such as heartburn, acid stomach, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation on the other hand, this can be considered related to diabetes medications that may be accompanied by problems in stomach, gut and bowel.
(P value is 0.002) which means there is a strong relationship between having depression and having emotional distress and that is very logical, ( P value is 0.000) which means there is a strong relationship between having diabetes and having autoimmune disease, there is a strong relationship between having emotional distress and using antibiotic frequently (P value is 0.005) which means it may be a side effect of the antibiotic, (P value is 0.000) which means there is a strong relationship between having diarrhea with blood or mucous and using the laxatives drugs it may also be considered as a side effect of this medication.

Conclusion:-
The study findings show that this disease not common in medical students, this was clarified by the participants answers to the risk factors questions, although there is a large proportion of participants suffer from stomach, gut and bowel problems but this. may be due to other diseases, the positive things most of them are non-smokers this forms a direct relationship with the probability of occurrence of IBS, it is recommended to provide healthcare workers with launch specific awareness programs on not neglecting the irritable bowel syndrome and effective of ease of treatment and methods.
Replication of this study in multiple hospitals or areas across different caregiver stuff is recommended, thus making IBS problem in the domain of evidence-based medicine.