KFU STUDENT’S KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT CIGARETTE SMOKING CESSATION

+ final draft Statistical Analysis:At the beginning we used SPSS 17 and we entered the student Data. Then we checked the data correctors. Finally we will use some graphs and tables. ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(2), 2173-2178 2175 Results:Table 1:Demographic Distribution. There were 74 (Computer Science) , 63 (Medicine) , 73 (Engineering) , 33 (Clinical Pharmacy) and 57 (Veterinarian Medicine) college students witch makes up the 300 student sample size. The mean for age was 21.3 years and approximately 3 rd year in their current program. Table 2:Comparison in between collage in number of smoker , nonsmoker and x-smoker. Count College in which student is studying Total Computer Science Medicine Engineering Clinical Pharmacy Veternary Sciences smoking smoker 15 5 13 4 13 50 nonsmoker 58 57 58 26 44 243 xsmoker 1 1 2 3 0 7 Total 74 63 73 33 57 300 The sample contains 50 smokers , 243 non-smokers and 7 ex-smokers. College in which student is studying Mea n Computer Science Medicine Engineering Clinical Pharmacy Veterinarian Medicine Co unt Colum n N % Coun t Colum n N % Coun t Colum n N % Coun t Colum n N % Coun t Colum n N % The age in years 18 0 .0% 2 3.2% 0 .0% 0 .0% 8 14.0% 19 1 1.4% 9 14.3% 9 12.3% 0 .0% 11 19.3% 20 17 23.0% 10 15.9% 11 15.1% 1 3.0% 8 14.0% 21 33 44.6% 21 33.3% 24 32.9% 17 51.5% 11 19.3% 22 10 13.5% 13 20.6% 18 24.7% 11 33.3% 10 17.5% 23 7 9.5% 5 7.9% 8 11.0% 4 12.1% 6 10.5% 21.3 24 4 5.4% 1 1.6% 2 2.7% 0 .0% 2 3.5% 25 2 2.7% 2 3.2% 1 1.4% 0 .0% 0 .0% 27 0 .0% 0 .0% 0 .0% 0 .0% 1 1.8% Total&% 74 24.7% 63 21% 73 24.3% 33 11% 57 19% The current year in the progra m 1 st Year 8 10.8% 4 6.3% 12 16.4% 0 .0% 25 43.9% 2 nd Year 22 29.7% 15 23.8% 18 24.7% 10 30.3% 8 14.0% 3 rd Year 20 27.0% 6 9.5% 16 21.9% 13 39.4% 11 19.3% 2.92 4 th Year 12 16.2% 38 60.3% 15 20.5% 10 30.3% 7 12.3% 5 th Year 12 16.2% 0 .0% 9 12.3% 0 .0% 5 8.8% 6 th Year 0 .0% 0 .0% 3 4.1% 0 .0% 1 1.8% ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(2), 2173-2178 2176 Chart 1:Comparison in between collage in number of smoker , nonsmoker and x-smoker. Table 3:Knowledge and attitude: smoking Smoker Non-smoker Ex-smoker Count Column % Count Column % Count Column % P Smoker’s chances x2 if physician advises to quit ? True 29 58.0% 187 77.0% 5 71.4% .021 False 21 42.0% 56 23.0% 2 28.6% Nicotine addictiveness True 27 54.0% 210 86.4% 6 85.7% .000 False 23 46.0% 33 13.6% 1 14.3% Anti-smoking Centre in Al-Hassa? Yes 37 74.0% 152 62.6% 6 85.7% .154 No 13 26.0% 91 37.4% 1 14.3% (Counseling) Yes 31 62.0% 203 83.5% 6 85.7% .002 No 19 38.0% 40 16.5% 1 14.3% (Nicotine replacement therapy) Yes 29 58.0% 160 65.8% 3 42.9% .287 No 21 42.0% 83 34.2% 4 57.1% (Prozac pill) Yes 9 18.0% 44 18.1% 1 14.3% .967 No 41 82.0% 199 81.9% 6 85.7% (Bupropion) Yes 9 18.0% 46 18.9% 2 28.6% .799 No 41 82.0% 197 81.1% 5 71.4% ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(2), 2173-2178 2177 Table 4:Anti-smoking campaign exposture in the last 1 year. 134 have not seen any anti-smoking campaign , 72 have seen only once , 44 have seen 2 and 50 have seen more than 2 campaigns. Discussion:Our study showed that most of participants knew about counseling option in cigarette smoking cessation. However there were significant difference (P<0.05) between (smokers 62%) and (non-smokers 83%) . But participants were less knowledgeable about pharmacological smoking cessation options. Only 18 % from smokers and non-smokers knew about Bupropion and Prozac. Participants were mostly knowledgeable about nicotine replacement therapy more than any pharmacological cigarette smoking cessation option (58% smokers) and (65.8% non-smokers). There is no difference (P>0.05) in the knowledge of pharmacological cigarette smoking cessations options between smokers and non-smokers. Only 58% of smokers think their chances of quiting would be doubled if they were advised to quit smoking. Only 54% of smokers think that nicotine is as addictive as other drugs , while 86% of nonsmokers think it’s addictive .There is significant difference between smokers and non-smokers (P<0.05). However there are no hard evidence that nicotine is as addictive as drugs like cocaine , some researches say it’s and some say its not . It’s controversial between Scientists and can’t be used as argument for poor knowledge. 134 out of 300 of participants, which makes up 1/3 of them, have not seen ANY anti-smoking campaign in the past year! And 2/3 of participants have not seen more than 1 campaign. Limitation:Our sample size is 300 students from only 5 selected colleges. The time was very limited, because of exams and other assignments. We didn't have enough time to gather and analyze more sample size and take sample from all over the university colleges. Also our questionnaire was taken from other research that was “Smoking Cessation Knowledge and Clinical Cessation Techniques Among Medicine Residents" research done by Lisa Hope and we tried our best to modify and translate the questionnaire to suite research purpose. Conclusion:There were some significance in difference between the knowledge in counseling between smokers and nonsmokers . However pharmacological cigarette smoker cessations options showed no significant difference between smokers and non-smokers. There were lack of anti-smoking campaign and 2/3 of participants have not seen more than 1 anti-smoking campaign advertisement. Recommendations:1. Perform a larger scale study for conformation 2. Educate smokers through seminars about smoking cessation options that it can reduce the withdrawal symptoms. 3. Increase the numbers of anti-smoking campaigns. 4. Use modern communication to raise awareness about smoking cessations options. 5. Anti-smoking campaign advertisements must be in a place were any person can see whatever his social , economic and education state. 6. Inform doctors to recommend and educate patients about cigarette smoking options. Crosstab Count How many anti-smoking campaign have you seen in the last 1 year? Total 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 14 20 smoking Smoker 23 8 7 6 1 3 0 0 1 0 1 50 Non-smoker 109 62 37 10 8 11 2 2 1 1 0 243 Ex-smoker 2 2 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 Total 134 72 44 18 9 15 2 2 2 1 1 300 ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(2), 2173-2178


(2), 2173-2178
The number of KFU students in 2013 is 31,849 . Because of huge number of KFU students and limited time we had decided to take only 20% out of total student number from five collages. We estimated that our sample size is 300 students. Our research method is cross sectional and it compares the knowledge between smokers and non-smokers about their knowledge and attitudes about cigarette smoking cessation. We have chosen this method because it is not expensive, fast and easy to do, and the limited time we had.
We have read some researches to know the appropriate questions to use them in our questionnaire. After that we have discussed to took most of our question from v "Smoking Cessation Knowledge and Clinical Cessation Techniques Among Medicine Residents" research done by Lisa Hope. By modifying the questionnaire from the research by Lisa Hope to a more simplified form and added some questions we had made by ourselves. We had also to translate the questionnaire to Arabic to make sure our sample fully understand the questionnaire. The questionnaire contain both English and Arabic translation of it.
Procedure:-Our procedure was as the following: first we had to take permission from the university administration to do our research on five collages . Then we took permission from students by writing on the first page of our questionnaire "The return of questionnaire will be considered as permission from the students to use the information in the research" . Also, we promised them to keep confidentiality of this information by writing " the confidentiality of information will be strictly maintained" .Then we did a pilot testing in ten students. After that, We fixed any problem in the questionnaire if there were any. finally we started distributing the questionnaire to the students from the five selected colleges "Medicine, Pharmacology, Engineering, Computer Science and Veterinary Medicine" .

Material:-
In material we are supposed to go to the students of the five selected colleges and introduce ourselves and our research .Then hand them questionnaire and ask him to fill and return it back. The questionnaire contains three sections. First section about Demographic information, the second section is about Tobacco use history and current behavior and the third and final section is about knowledge and attitudes . Statistical Analysis:-At the beginning we used SPSS 17 and we entered the student Data. Then we checked the data correctors. Finally we will use some graphs and tables. There were 74 (Computer Science) , 63 (Medicine) , 73 (Engineering) , 33 (Clinical Pharmacy) and 57 (Veterinarian Medicine) college students witch makes up the 300 student sample size. The mean for age was 21.3 years and approximately 3 rd year in their current program.   134 have not seen any anti-smoking campaign , 72 have seen only once , 44 have seen 2 and 50 have seen more than 2 campaigns.

Discussion:-
Our study showed that most of participants knew about counseling option in cigarette smoking cessation. However there were significant difference (P<0.05) between (smokers 62%) and (non-smokers 83%) . But participants were less knowledgeable about pharmacological smoking cessation options. Only 18 % from smokers and non-smokers knew about Bupropion and Prozac. Participants were mostly knowledgeable about nicotine replacement therapy more than any pharmacological cigarette smoking cessation option (58% smokers) and (65.8% non-smokers). There is no difference (P>0.05) in the knowledge of pharmacological cigarette smoking cessations options between smokers and non-smokers. Only 58% of smokers think their chances of quiting would be doubled if they were advised to quit smoking. Only 54% of smokers think that nicotine is as addictive as other drugs , while 86% of nonsmokers think it's addictive .There is significant difference between smokers and non-smokers (P<0.05). However there are no hard evidence that nicotine is as addictive as drugs like cocaine , some researches say it's and some say its not . It's controversial between Scientists and can't be used as argument for poor knowledge. 134 out of 300 of participants, which makes up 1/3 of them, have not seen ANY anti-smoking campaign in the past year! And 2/3 of participants have not seen more than 1 campaign.

Limitation:-
Our sample size is 300 students from only 5 selected colleges. The time was very limited, because of exams and other assignments. We didn't have enough time to gather and analyze more sample size and take sample from all over the university colleges. Also our questionnaire was taken from other research that was "Smoking Cessation Knowledge and Clinical Cessation Techniques Among Medicine Residents" research done by Lisa Hope and we tried our best to modify and translate the questionnaire to suite research purpose.

Conclusion:-
There were some significance in difference between the knowledge in counseling between smokers and nonsmokers . However pharmacological cigarette smoker cessations options showed no significant difference between smokers and non-smokers. There were lack of anti-smoking campaign and 2/3 of participants have not seen more than 1 anti-smoking campaign advertisement.