THE EFFECT OF SOLIDITY AND INTEGRITY ON PROFESSIONALISM AND THE IMPACT OF PROFESSIONALISM ON INTEGRITY LEADERSHIP OF INDONESIA NATIONAL ARMY OF GROUND FORCE

Mohammad Zaini 1 , Zaenal Fanani 2 and Mohammad Soleh 2 . 1. Students Magister Program of National Defense of Postgraduate Program Brawijaya University. 2. Lecturer Magister Program of National Defense of Postgraduate Program of Brawijaya University. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History


ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 5 (7), [1968][1969][1970][1971][1972][1973] 1969 information age. It may help to change soldiers' mindset that is previously unmanaged. This change covers attitude, mentality, and behavior of soldiers to produce new culture that may influence their conduct of duty. Soldiers' attitude toward leader may change the existing ethic and norm professed by TNI-AD soldiers.
Solidity is a condition (or a character). This word is rooted from "solid" meaning as sturdy or been fully-loaded. The solidity of soldiers, therefore, describes a condition where soldiers have sturdiness and are fully-loaded with required capacities in military organization. Grand Dictionary of Indonesia has stated that being strong, sturdy, and fully-loaded. A military unit with high solidity is one with strength, sturdy, and fully loaded. Someone is said as having integrity because the action as soldier has integrity. Being soldier is different from being human because human must adjust their face and appearance to personal motive and interest. Integrity becomes the key character for a soldier based on rank-level. Integrity is first condition in selecting leader, and other next condition includes intellectual and managerial capabilities. Sir John Winthrop Hackett in his book titled with "The Profession of Arms" said that "spirit of professionalism is moral integrity", meaning that professionalism is based on value, faith and principle (Wikipedia). In other words, assessing someone with integrity must consider trustworthiness of someone in keeping his word and act.
A soldier with integrity is not a human with various faces and appearances that must be conformed to any personal motives and interests. Integrity is a key character of a soldier based on his rank-level. Therefore, it is not surprising if integrity becomes a first condition to consider in selecting leader. Other condition taken into account involves intellectual and managerial capabilities. Sir John Winthrop Hackett in his book entitled with "The Profession of Arms" suggests that "spirit of professionalism is moral integrity".
Professionalism in detail can be found in a fundamental concept of professionalism. Morris Janowits as quoted by Segal and Schwartz has defined professionalism as a specialized skill acquired through intensive training, standards of ethics and performance, sense of a group identity, and better administration system. Sociologists have provided more various opinions and judgments about professionalism.
Indonesia National Army of Ground Force has attempted to excavate, to adopt, to explore, and to apply, as well as to develop the proper sciences and theories of leadership that shall be important because it helps TNI to identify leaders based on their strata and rank in pursuant with President Decree No.10/2010 about Organizational Structure of TNI. It also helps improving leadership quality of military officers who graduate from Academy of TNI, especially Military Academy. It is expected that by effective and efficient field leadership (face-to-face leadership), the lesson of leadership would be transferred into subordinate leaders to produce sustainable leadership.

Type of Research:-
Type of research is survey. It takes sample from population by using questionnaire as a data collection instrument (Singarimbun, 1995). Method of research is aimed to design, to look for, and to explain causal relationship between variables through hypothesis testing (explanatory research).  is a matrix of input, while  () is a matrix of estimation. H0 says that matrix of estimation from SEM can better represent the data properly, while H1 suggests for matrix of input. The analysis on satisfaction assessment is done with descriptive qualitative method. This analysis involves attributes used to assess satisfaction, such as facility, condition, procedure, professionalism, and attitude toward service. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a statistic technique that can analyze latent variable, indicator variable, and direct measurement of mistake. Latent variable is an abstract concept that is only observed indirectly through its effect on observed variables (indicators). Indicator variable is one that has been observed or measured empirically.

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is the second generation in multivariate analysis technique (Ghozali and Fuad, 2005
) that allows the author to examine the relationship between complex variables, either recursive and nonrecursive, to obtain comprehensive description about the model. Data analysis will explains the effect of work achievement appraisal and employee rank promotion. Data are processed with a software WARP PLS.5.

Suartha (2013) explains that Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a statistical technique that allows some
relatively complex relationships to be tested simultaneously. A complex relationship can be developed by one or some dependent variables or with one or few independent variables. One variable plays multiple roles, either being independent variable in a relationship, or being dependent variable in other relationship, recalling a fact that there is 1971 a stratified causality relationship. Each dependent and independent variable takes form as factor (or construct, made from some indicator variables). These variables are observed singular variables, or directly measured in a process. Ghozali and Fuad (2005) propose an index showing that a model is really fit without giving warranty that the model is truly fit. Conversely, when fit index states that a model is very bad, then it does not give a warranty that the model is truly not fit. Mediator variable is also called as intervening variable because theoretically it influences the observed phenomena (endogenous variable). This effect can be explained through the effect of relationship between exogenous variable and its phenomena. If exogenous variable is not anymore influential to endogenous variable after controlling mediator variable, then there will be perfect or complete mediation. If the effect of exogenous variable on endogenous variable is decreasing, but it still differs from 0 after controlling mediator variable, therefore, there will be partial mediation (Jogiyanto and Abdillah, 2009).

Result And Discussion:-
The author uses WarpPLS as a tool to process statistic data. Reason why it is used is that it helps author to understand the effect of variables with certain degree of complexity because it involves constructs and recursive indicators. Variance approach must be used to make the load of each item observable. The author expects this approach shall be helpful in understanding loading value that can represent latent variable as the predictor that will influence response variable. The following is a structural model describing the Effect of Solidity and Integrity on Professionalism and the Impact of Professionalism on Integrity Leadership of TNI-AD.
1972 The effect of professionalism can increase integrity leadership. The increase by 1 unit for TNI-AD soldiers to have identity recognition and developmental chance, then integrity leadership also have possible increase by 0.495.

Conclusion And Suggestion
Regarding to the result of research and discussion, then conclusions and suggestions are explained as follows: Conclusion:- 1. Solidarity and integrity have effect rate of 71.2% on professionalism. Solidity is represented by a feeling as having similar fate and profession. Professionalism is influential to integrity leadership by rate of 81%.

1973
2. Normative integrity has the highest load, and it has a positive and very significant effect on sense of authority constituting the form of integrity among TNI-AD soldiers. Integrity is represented by soldiers' sense of authority, and it has positive effect on integrity leadership of charismatic style. The effect of professionalism may increase integrity leadership where the higher increase of identity recognition and chance toward development among TNI-AD soldiers, it will help developing integrity leadership.

Suggestions:-
Based on the conclusions above, it is suggested that: 1. The activities that support solidity must be created, and these must be still related with leader integrity to avoid polemics during the fast incoming information. It helps changing the undeveloped mindset of soldiers into the sophisticated one before it becomes serious threat to TNI-AD. 2. The change of mindset would change attitude, mentality, and behavior of soldiers who may create new culture which can influence their conduct of duty. Soldiers' attitude toward leader may change the existing ethic and norm professed by TNI-AD soldiers.