PREVALENCE OF TRANSFUSION TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (TTI) IN OUR TERTIARY CARE

major infections in blood donors. None were positive for HIV, syphilis and malaria Conclusion :Seropositivity of HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis and malaria among the healthy donors indicates the risk or chance of acquisition of these infections during blood transfusion. Implementation of donor selection criteria should be strict and proper to minimize transfusion transmitted infections and provide safer blood and blood products and also higher generation kits and newer strategies are to be adopted.


ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 7 (2), 137-141 138 safety. After this routine serological screening implementation, the Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) have been drastically reduced in many countries. 4,5 Blood is one of the main sources of transmission of various TT pathogens. So donor selection is of paramount importance and the outcome of these infections range from subclinical asymptomatic to life-threatening manifestations. To prevent patients from acquiring TTIs, it is blood bank's responsibility and legal obligation by doing recommended testing before issuing blood and though these testing's are helpful to reduce TTIs, but not up to 100% as serological window period still poses a threat to blood safety. 6 The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TTIs and to evaluate trends in TTIs among blood donors. This knowledge might give us an idea of burden of TTIs in blood donors and to know the basic epidemiology of these diseases in the community.

Materials And Methods:-
The present study was carried out in department of Transfusion medicine, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital, Kanchipuram. This 1 year Study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018. A total number of 1588 donors were analyzed for the seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Diseases.
Basic information regarding age, sex, occupation, address, marital status, number of previous donations and other relevant data's were obtained using donor form. Consent form and Donor Questionnaire was given in bilingual language to know about the health status of donor. Physical examination was done for all the blood donors before screening and blood donation. Donors having age less than 18 years and more than 60 years, weight <45 Kg, anemic, pregnant women, lactating women and current history of medication, recent history of having undergone a surgical procedure, serious illness, previous blood donation within 3 months were excluded from the study. After obtaining informed consent,blood was screened forHIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis and malaria by ELISAaccording to manufactures instructions.

Results:-
A total number of 1588 blood donations were taken during the period of January to December 2018 at department of Transfusion medicine at Meenakshi Medical College Hospital, Kanchipuram. In our study, Males outnumbered females with 1522 (95.84%) donations while only 66 (4.16 %) donors were females (Table=1). Male female ratio was 23:1 for blood donation. 16 (1.008 %) were reactive for blood transmitted infection. In our study, HBV and HCV were the major infections in blood donors and the seroprevalence were 0.94%, and 0.06% respectively. None were positive for HIV, syphilis and malaria. ( Table-2)Most of the seropositive cases were between 20-30 years (Table-3

Discussion:-
Blood transfusion is a lifesaving procedure and plays an important role in the supportive care and inevitable part of medicine.But globally, TTIs threaten the safety in recipients and the community which is of real concern.Seropositivity of HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis and malaria among the healthy donors indicates the risk or chance of acquisition of these infections during blood transfusion. Screening for TTI ensures safe blood and blood product transfusion.
Among the donors, 95.84% were males and 4.16 % were females. Male female ratio was 23:1 for blood donation in our hospital.
In   16,19 In India, strategies followed to prevent the transmission of transfusion transmitted malaria are (a) Donors with fever (presumably malaria) in the last 3 months. (b) To screen the donated blood for presence of malarial markers 20 In