BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF “Coriandrumsativum” L. (CORIANDER)

K.A. Mahamane 1 , P.P. Ahire 2 , V.B. Kadam 3 and Y. D. Nikam 3 . Department of Botany and research Centre, K.T.H.M. College, NASHIK-422002. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History


Materials and methods: -
The required species of Coriander was collected from the local market and was used for preparing the dry powder. Before sun drying it was separated into leaf, stem & root. The fresh material was used for chlorophyll estimation. The remaining was dried & converted into powder form. This particular procedure was carried out in seasonal format i.e., summer, monsoon & winter respectively. Quantitative estimation of TotalCarbohydrates: -Carbohydrates were estimated by methods suggested by McGready (1950), and Nelson (1941). Reagents: - Somogy's reagent (4 gm. CuSO4 +24 gm. anhydrous Na2CO3 +16 gm. Na-K tartarate (Rocheette salt) + 180gm Anhydrous Na2SO4.  Nelson aresenomolybdatereagent: -(24gm (NH4)6MO7O24, 4H2O Ammonium molybdate) + (3gm Na2SO4, 7H2O).  Both solutions were mixed and incubated at 370C for 24 hours before use and they were stored in brown bottle.  Standard sugar solution was prepared by dissolving 10 mg glucose in 100 ml distilled water.
Procedure: -1gm. of sample was crushed with 10ml 80% ethanol in mortar and pestle by adding acid free sand, and then filtered through Wathman filter paper. The filter and residue were collected separately.
The alcohol residue was taken in 250 ml in conical flask. 150ml distilled water and 5ml conc. HCL were added in it. Hydrolysed for 30 minutes and cooled to room temperature. Na2Co3 was added bit-by bit until the extract became neutral (pH=7). The extract was filtered. Residue was discarded. Total volume of filtered was served as a sample for starch. First filtrate was taken in conical flask and condensed on water bath up to 2-3 minutes then distilled water was added to the filtrate, and then filtered, after mixing residue was discarded and the volume of filtrate was served for reducing sugar. 20 ml of this filtrate was taken in 150 ml conical flask, 2ml of conical flask; 2ml of conc. HCl was added to it and corked. It was then hydrolysed for 30 minutes and cooled at room temperature. Na2CO3 was added bit-by -bit until the extract became neutral (pH=7). Then this extract filtered and residue discarded. The final volume of the filtrate was measured. It was served as a sample for total sugar. 0.5 ml of aliquot sample was taken in each test tube and 1 ml of Somogy's reagent was added in it. All test tubes were placed in boiling water bath for 30 minutes, cooled the tubes to room temperature and 1ml of aresenomolybdate reagent which is poisonous was added to it. The content was mixed thoroughly. Then the content was diluted to a volume of 10ml and its absorbance measured OD at 560 nm in spectrophotometer.

Quantitative estimation of Fats: -
A small quantity of free acids is usually present in oils along with the triglycerides. The free fatty acid content is known as acid number/acid value. It increases during storage. The keeping quality of oil therefore relies upon the free fatty acid content.
Procedure: -Dissolve 1-10g of oil or melted fat in 50ml of the neutral solvent in a 250ml conical flask. Add a few drops of phenolphthalein. Titrate the content against 0.1N potassium hydroxide. Shake constantly until pink color which persists for fifteen seconds is obtained.

Result &Discussion: -Total Carbohydrates: -
The total carbohydrate content of leaves, stem & root were usually higher in summer as compared to winter and monsoon.

1911
The range of total carbohydrate content of leaves was 6.25mg/g dry wt. to 4.66 mg/g dry wt. where in summer accumulation of total carbohydrates was (6.25 mg/g) than in winter (4.72 mg/g) and in monsoon it was found lowest (4.66 mg/g).
Where as in stem it ranged from 5.80 mg/g to 5.42 mg/g dry wt., in Monsoon it was recorded lowest (5.42 mg/g) & highest in summer (5.80 mg/g) whereas modest in winter (5.74mg/g).
The range of total carbohydrate in root was ranged from 6.87mg/g to 6.39mg/g dry wt., in summer it was highest (6.87 mg/g) compared to monsoon (6.39 mg/g) & winter (6.75 mg/g).

Fats: -
The fats content of leaves was found in the range of 0.084 to 0.010 mg/g dry wt., in summer it was highest (0.084mg/g) compared to winter (0.032 mg/g) and monsoon (0.010mg/g).
Where as in stem it ranged from 0.092 to 0.017 mg/g dry wt. in monsoon it was lowest (0.017 mg/g), in winter was modest (0.050 mg/g) & in summer was highest (0.092 mg/g). The concentration of fats was highest in root as compared to leaf & stem. It ranged from 0.093 to 0.025 mg/g dry wt., in summer it was highest (0.093 mg/g), in winter it was modest (0.087 mg/g) & in monsoon was lowest (0.025 mg/g). The comparison can be seen in the following table no.2.