HAIR DISTRIBUTION ON THE DORSUM OF THE HUMAN HAND PHALANGES IN COMPARISON WITH SEMINAL FLUID PARAMETERS

Mohammad Oda Selman (FIBMS), Khalid Al Azaawi )MSc) and Hikmat Fakhri Wassef. (MSc). High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Treatment / Al Nahrain University. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History


Background:
Hair is a filamentous keratinized structure present over almost all of the body surface. It is a derivative of the epidermis which assists in thermoregulation and provides some protection against injury. Probability of incidence of hair distribution was also studied among the dorsum of phalanges of the 2 nd to 5 th fingers of both hands. Objectives: The aim of the study to assess the different patterns and frequency of the distribution of the phalangeal hair of the hands of Iraqi males' population in correlation with seminal fluid parameters. Methods: The subjects studied were (350) male. All subjects were born in Iraq and aged between 18 and 58 years. The observations were made using a hand lens in daylight. Presence or absence of hair over each phalanx of the right and left hand, age and seminal fluid analysis of each subject were recorded.

Results:
The results was shown a significant difference between study group and control group in hair distribution on the dorsum of phalanges of the fingers of right and left hands. In left hand phalanges of proximal and middle (P<0.05) but on index there was non-significant (P>0.082). While significant difference (P<0.05) in proximal of right hand phalanges. Non-significant (P>0.05) in index and middle fingers of right hands Discussion: Many studies show that the majority of individuals have hair on the proximal and middle phalanges of the right and left hand but no on the distal phalanges. The highest percentage of hair distribution was observed in the proximal phalanges. The significant variation in the pattern and number of hair on the phalanges may be due to hormonal effect during intrauterine life.

ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(9), 1225-1230 1226 Racial differences in the distribution of hair over the phalanges studied was reported (5,6) . The distribution of the phalangeal hair of the hands has been investigated in Turks. Hair was absent over the proximal phalanx in 1-7 % of females and in 0-2 % of males (7) .
In Malays subjects hair distribution on the phalanges of their hands. Hair on the proximal phalanx was absent in 2% of the males and in 3.3% of the females. The middle phalangeal hair (MPH) was absent in 78% of the females and in 64.9% of the males (8) . Age was not a factor had effect on hair distribution (9) .
Probability of incidence of hair distribution was also studied among the fingers of both the hands. This correlation was significant on the proximal phalanges (10) . Middle phalangeal hair of the fingers varies in quantity and distribution among different human groups. Data on middle phalangeal hair among unrelated autochthonous individuals show remarkable sexual differences in the Murcia population (11) .
Data relating to middle phalangeal hair (MPH) among unrelated individuals of both sexes born and living in Sardinia are presented. The occurrence of MPH is generally manifested on the 3-4-5 digits of both hands in the two sexes (12) .
The aim of this study was to assess the different patterns and frequency of hair distribution on the phalanges of the population studied. The present work presents findings from Iraq.

Material and Methods:-
The study participants were randomly selected from the High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, AL-Nahrain University (AL-Kadhumiya) Baghdad-Iraq, all of which were of Iraqi descent. A total of 350 healthy males aged 18-58 years were recruited from October, 2015 to April, 2016. The presence or absence of hair on the proximal and middle phalanges of both hands was observed using a hand lens. Also, seminal fluid analysis was done to each male participate in this study (according to WHO 2010). Observations made were recorded with respect to age, SFA, and phalanges. Analysis of data was done using SPSS (version 16.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) for frequencies and percentages. A value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:-
As shown in the table (1) a high significant P<0.01 between study and control of age group. In This study the total number of patients were 350 male. In study group three hundred male their mean (29.9 ± 0.402 SE) and in control group fifty male included (34.8 ± 1.04 SE).

Figure (3):-Descriptive of Concentration x (10 6 ) group by study and control
The figure (3) clarify a significant difference between the group study and control group in the sperm concentration as shown in the figure above.   For description of presence of hair distribution on the dorsum of phalanges of the hand of human beings especially on the index, middle, ring and little phalanges in the right and left hands. The study proofs that the proximal phalanges in all fingers have the high percentages of presence of hair in both hands (right and left) as clarified in the table (6) below.

Discussion:-
The variation of distribution of hair on the dorsum of phalanges of human male depend on hormonal effects and may be a good monitor for seminal fluid parameters. The absence of hair on the proximal phalanges of 2% of some subjects is in line with what has been reported in other populations-South of Spain (Luna, 1989) (13) , in Italy (Vona and porcella, 1989) (12) , Southh India (Sethuraman et al, 1982) (14) , Calabar, Nigeria (Singh, 1982) (5) , Indians (Dutta, 1965) (15) . HOXC13 is the only member of the HOX multigene family that produces a fragile hair phenotype. HOXC13 is expressed in the human anagen hair follicle, a direct involvement of HOXC13 in the control of hair keratin expression during early trichocyte differentiation (16) .
The distribution of phalangeal hairs has been studied in different societies such as Turkey (Hatiboglu, 1983) (7) , kanuri and Baburs of Northwest Nigeria (Mbjiorgu, 1996) (17) . The phalangeal hair distribution in different parts of world have revealed the difference in the pattern of arrangement of hair in proximal and middle phalanges in many studies (18) .
The higher frequency of distribution of hair in males attributed to dorsum of proximal phalanx of fingers in the left hands except on middle phalanges of index finger while on the right hands are of significant variations on all phalanges except on middle phalanges of index and middle fingers. These observations are clear if looks to table 7.
There was a high significant difference between study and control group (P<0.01) of Non-Progressive. The mean of study group (23.59± 0.835) and mean of control group (31.8±1.039). The motility percentage for the sperm in seminal fluid analysis as shown in the table (5).