THE EVALUATION OF THE PROGRAM OF TNI TEAM UP TO BUILD VILLAGES (TMMD) IN DKI JAKARTA AND THE SURROUNDING REGIONS.

This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of the Program of The Indonesia National Army (TNI) Team Up to Build Village (TMMD) as the civic mission of TNI in order to identify the rate of togetherness between Indonesian National Army (TNI) Personnels and the citizen the the capital city of Jakarta, and the surrounding regions. This research applied qualitative method with CIPP evaluation model that consists of four evaluation components, those are: (1) context; (2) input; (3) process; and (4) product. All the data was collected through interview, observation, questionnaire, group discussion, and documentation study. The scoring towards the evaluation result is divided into three levels of category: high/effective, medium/effective enough, and low/less effective. This category was applied in accordance with the comparison of goal standard in every evaluation stage upon either the physical or non-physical activity in the field. These activities were obtained based on the summary which was sum up using Case Order Effect Matrix. The findings present that the efficacy of the program “Indonesia National Army (TNI) Team This study used test 2012


ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 5 (12), [1955][1956][1957][1958][1959][1960][1961][1962][1963][1964][1965] 1956 TMMD program is conducted as physical program (such as the construction or maintenence of: infrastructure, public facilities, religious buildings; citizen's house, etc) and also non-physical program (socialization about law, health, nationalism, nationality, entrepreneirship training, etc). Both programs above aimed to improve the unity between TNI and the citizens and accelerate the development in rural, remote, unfortunate, isolated, frontier, slu m, and other areas effected by natural disaster. This is and integrated program that involves multiple sectors, such as TNI, Ministry/ Non-Ministry Institution, Local Government, and other national components that have involved in the program since the initial foundation in 1981 up to the moment.
Knowing that the program have conducted for more that 3 (three) decades, there should have been some improvements in the unity between TNI and Citizens based on several indicators, like: increasing trust from the citizens to TNI; improving the citizen's awareness in the social life; enhancing civic and citizenship knowledge; raising the spirit of unity, mutual cooperation, as well as improving the citizen's active participation in developing their areas.
Unfortunately, despite of the long run of program of TMMD, especially in area of DKI Jakarta and the surroundings regions, a study showed that there are disparities in the execution. Stakeholder who mostly involved are the low class society, while those who are in middle to high class citizens who live pretty far from the TMMD location nearly never participate in the program.
Furthermore, there are still many cases of brawl either between group of communities of citizens or between groups of students, increasing amount of drug abuse cases, and the disobedience attitude of the society and their lack of awareness towards the traffic policy. There are also many people who do not care about the environment cleanliness and safety. In Jakarta, the existance of slum areas with people who live in a very unfortunate situation seems to be an everyday sight. And knowing that all the problems above are actually the target of TMMD program, to eradicate or at least decrease the cases through physical and non-physical ation, is something to be considered about.
The orientation to conduct the program "Indonesia National Army (TNI) Team Up to Build Village" (TMMD) is to create sphere of struggle; instrument of struggle; condition of struggle and the unity of TNI-Citizens in order to assist the Government to improve the nation's prosperity through either physical or nonphysical development that could also establish condusive situation to realize safety stability in the nation (Indonesian National Army Headquoters, 2012).
The main target of TMMD are: (a) the growth and development of common vision and mission among the government staffs and social leaders in an integrated manner to empower the society along with the environment; (b) the development of the life and prosperity of the society to build a prosperous and independent nations that can overcome any threats possible; (c) the development of social awareness of the society that reflected from their attitude in obeying the law and national discipline during their social activities; (d) the improvement of society's civic and citizenship knowledge regarding to their every field of profession; and (e) the growth of the spirit of togetherness, mutual cooperation, sense of belonging, and active participation in developing the areas in order to achieve strong unity in the society and unity between TNI-Citizen (Indonesian National Army Headquoters, 2012). Therefore, the implementation of TMMD program need to be evaluated in the sense of its effect towards the spirit of togetherness, mutual cooperation, sense of belonging, and the active participation of the society. This way, the effectiveness of the program in Jakarta Capital Special Region Province and the surrounding regions to improve the togetherness between TNI-Citizens can be identified. Since this program has been conducted for a long period of time, this research will only focus on 2012-2013 period of the program to ease the study.
Review of Literature:-According to C.H Weiss (1998), evaluation is a systematic scoring system for a certain program or policy based on the statutory explisit and implisit standard to fix a program or policy. Fort, Martinez, Mukhopadhyay (2001) in Donna M. Mertens defined evaluation as a gradual scoring towards the relevance, performance, and either expected or not expected effect from a project according to the objective that has been set. Based on James C. McDavid, et.al (2005) evaluation can be considered as a structurized process that can produce and synthesis information to reduce the uncertainty about an enacted program of policy for the stakeholders. Kristi D, Menix (2007) added that evaluation is a scoring process that requires criteria or expected outcomes. Song and Nick Letch (2012) stated that evaluation is a process used to identify, measure, and value an object in a certain context.

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Regarding to "program", Joan L. Herman et.al. (1987) in Farida said that program is anything that someone tries to do to create a particular result or influence. Smith (1989) in John M. Owen defined a program as a set of plannedactivities, conducted to create specific changes that can be identified by the public. Similarly, James C. Mc David et.al (2005) added that a program is an integrated set of activities to achieve one or several goals. Kathryn E Newcomer et.al. (2010) explained that program is a set of resources and ativities that aims to achieve communal goal directed by a manager of management team. Meanwhile according to Thomas L.Wheelen & J.David Hunger (2012), program is the statement from activities or stages required to create a program planning using action-based strategy.
Furthermore, regarding to "program evaluation", Robson (2002) in Sylvia A. Metcalfe et.al. explicated that program evaluation intended to determne the effect and the result from a certain event, intervension, policy, practice, service or innovasion that is implemented in every program. According to James C.Mc David, et.al. (2005) program evaluation is a combination and variation of theory and practice that is applied for a large scale either in public, nonprofit, and in private organization sector that aims to gain information for the future planning, designing, and implementation. On the other hand, Huey-Tsyh Chen (2005) defined program evaluation as the implementation of evaluation approach, implementation approach, and knowledge approach in a systematic manner to judge and improve the planning, implementation, and the effectiveness of the programs. Kathryn E Newcomer (2010) that program evaluation provides the process and instrument that can be applied by any agency to gain valid, reliable, and credible data to solve any problems related to the public sector performance and non-profit programs.
Addditionally, Richard L. Daft (2000) stated that effectiveness is about how well an organization manage to reach their expected goals. James McDavid (2006) said that effectiveness is about how consistent the result towards the expected goals is.
Relationship according to AS Hornby (2005) is the way in which two people, groups or countries behave towards each other or deal with each other. The in which two or more things are connected.
This research implemented CIPP evaluation model (context, input, process, product) that is developed by Stufflebeam, et.al. (1967) in Ohio State University. Stufflebeam developed a framework by providing four different kinds of decision, those are: (1) context evaluation to analyze the needs to be managed by one or several programs than can help to determine the goals of the program; (2) input evaluation helps to determine the available resources, the strategies or alternatives that must be considered and decide which strategy has the best potential to fulfill the needs to facilitize the designed procedure of the program; (3) process evaluation functions during the decision making stage by raising several questions like "what hinders the implementation?" and "which parts need to be revised?"and (4) product evaluation helps during the preparation for the new cycle by analyzing what are the results gain and what should be done after the program has been conducted.
Below is the flowchart of CIPP designed by Stufflebeam. It portrays the role of CIPP model in fixing the program (Daniel L.Stufflebeam & Anthony J.Shinkfield (2007) of "TNI Team-Up to Build Villages" (TMMD) period of year 2012 in Jakarta Capital Special Region Province and the surrounding regions in order to improve the unity between TNI-Citizens.

Figure-1:-Flowchart Of Cipp Evaluation Role In Improving TMMD Program System
All in all, this study about "TNI Team-Up to build Villages" in period of year 2012 meant to evaluate about: (a) need assessment in formulating the objective and the target of this program, especial in the stage of planning; (b) the preparation, accuracy, and the completeness of the activities program based on the program planning, procedure and mechanism, structure of organization, monitoring and control, support from the resources ( such as: human resources, facilities, and financial fund) according to the goals and target of the program in input stage; (c) the program implementation that includes program planning, procedure and mechanism, structure of organization, monitoring and control, support from the resources ( such as: human resources, facilities, and financial fund) during the stage of process; and (d) The result of the program implementation in the sence of closeness between TNI members and the citizen in Jakarta Capital Special Region Province and the surrounding regions at the stage of product.

Research Method:-
The area of Jakarta Capital Special Region Province and the surrounding regions were chosen for TMMD evaluation program because of the heterogeneity and the dynamic of the people living in the area. Since the main target of TMMD program are rural, remote, unfortunate, isolated, frontier, slum, and other areas affected by natural disaster (Indonesian National Army Headquoters, 2012), Jakarta is a suitable target for the program since Jakarta is the second dirtiest city in Indonesia (Zulfi Suhendra, 2013). Let alone poverty is still spreaded around Jakarta. Moreover, the number of poverty keeps increase year by year. In period of January to Septeber 2013, the number of poor family had reached to 375.000 persons, it was 9.000 more than the number obtained in 2012 which was approximately 366.000 persons. Based on this data, it is calculated that the number of poor family in Jakarta is equal to 3.75% out of the total amount of people in Jakarta, 10.    4. Monitoring and control of the implementation of program is effective, useful and specific.
5. Support of human resources is relevant, useful and specific qualitatively and quantitatively. 6. Support from the facilities is relevant, useful, and specific qualitatively and quantitatively. 7. The support of budgeting is relevant, useful, effective support in budgeting for the implementation of the program is according to the goal of TMMD. 3. Structure of organization has done effectively and usefully.
4. Monitoring and controlling has done effectively and usefully.
5. The human resources has been provided effectively and usefully.
6. The facilities has been provided effectively, on time, and usefully.
7. The budgeting has been provided on time, effectively and usefully.
Evaluation Product -Accomplishment of the program Accomplishment of the TMMD Program 1. Improvement is found in term of the closeness between the TNI with the local society according to the target determined. 2. Improvement is found the knowledge of nation and the awareness of fighting for the nation of the local society. 3. Improvement is found in the social welfare of the local society according to the necessity. 4. Improvement is found in term of the similarity of vision and mission between the local governmental apparatus and the local advisor of the society.
After that, for the necessity of the qualitative analysis, then the criteria are transferred and arranged into score according to a certain grade.  Michael, 1983). In order to support the methodology of the study, then the study procedure is designed as the figure below.

Decision 4 Decision 3
Decision 2  Special Regon Province and the Surrounding Region that based on the scoring of the need analysis and the result of the evaluation from the previous TMMD Program is in category of "moderate", which in other word is "fairly effective". This is due to the accomplishment of the goal has not fully adjusted with the geographical characteristics and the demography of the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and the Surrounding Region, especially in the physical activity program. In addition, the determining of target done by the committee of TMMD period of year 2012 in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and the Surrounding Region tend to go monotonous and having less variety from time to time.

Components of Preparation (Input):-
The effectiveness of formulation, accuracy, completeness and the readiness from the planning of the activity program, procedure and mechanism, organization structure, human resources support, and support of budgeting in promoting the goal and target accomplishment of the TMMD program in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region was in the category of "moderate" or in other word is "fairly effective". This is because that in planning the activity specifically in determining the target located in the sub-urban still become the difficulty because the target in this location is commonly, its development, programmed by the City/Regency Government.
In the same case, the determination of the mechanism procedure of the program of activity has not designed specifically according to the characteristics of the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and it Surrounding Region. The structure of organization of the TMMD program is seen to be prioritizing the participant from the internal party of the TNI and is not much of involving the Civilian Institution such as the Technical Agencies of Provincial as well as Regency/City Government according to their competence to help holding the TMMD program.
In relation with the support upon the human resources, the response of the society is good, yet only in places where the physical activity done. While the response of the society live relatively for the target location of the physical activity showed lack of enthusiasm in participating. In the same case, the society, in the physical activity, are commonly unable to participate in the TMMD program especially those permanent employees. The same thing with the society of middle-upper class also not involved in the program since the physical activity commonly held in the urban area even in the slum one.
The budgeting support in the TMMD program of 2012 period in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region also has not been effective for the budgeting that become the duty of the Region Governmental in providing this is unable to accommodate the many regions that needs to be the target for the physical activity. This becomes a harder situation since the budgeting support from the TMMD in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province has not been added from time to time, while the price of all the materials increased every year.
The monitoring control and the support provision in facilities in the TMMD program in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region is in the category scoring of "high" or in other word "effective". This is because that in the monitoring and control, it is based on the hierarchy and the command structure of the TMMD organization that regularly contributing significantly in monitoring the practice of the TMMD program.

Component of Implementation:-
Effectiveness and usefulness of the physical and non-physical activities as well as the mix of the two in the TMMD program of 2012 period upon the attempt to gain more closeness between the TNI and the people of the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region is in the category of "moderate" on other word is "fairly effective". This can be seen from the activities that are physical, where the togetherness and cooperation has built between the TNI and society in the target location of the TMMD program. Then, there are attitude and willingness of the society to deliver the problem found in their environment to the apparatus of local TNI. Furthermore, the physical activity also help the local government in building infrastructure that the benefit of the result can be felt directly by the people.
However, the practice of physical activity still indicate that the involvement of society mostly came from those who are from the "low class society" especially the people that do not have a permanent employment and are the people whose places are target of the physical activity. On the opposite, the people from the "middle class society" and the 1963 people who live relatively far from the target location of physical activity has shown lack of involvement in the program. The volume of activity is also seen to be less broad and there should be much more to do so that the physical activity still can only classified as not optimal. Besides, the time for the physical activity that is relatively short in the schedule is seen less effective in creating the closeness between the TNI and the people.
The result from non-physical activity is still showing a less optimal result in increasing the independence of the people considering that the materials in the non-physical activity is tend to be monotonous, has not much of variation, especially in facing the development of environment that is very dynamic specifically in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region. Then, the implementation of non-physical activity is not effective either because the frequent non-synchronized schedule and activity with the people living there. The non-physical activity will only be participated by many locals only if it is done also while giving them free groceries or free entertainment. In the same thing, the non-physical activity is not yet effective in helping the local government in educating about the safety and security of society. This can be seen from the phenomena of frequent cases of locals involved in the case of drugs abuse, brawl between locals and the ignorance of traffic rules by the locals.

Result Accomplishment Component (Product):-
In the aspect of benefit and effectiveness of TMMD program, in physical activity found some improvement in the closeness between TNI and Society that is in the category of "high" or on other words "effective". That condition can happen considering that the result of physical activity of TMMD program in the form of infrastructure building not only that the benefit can be felt directly by the locals but also because it is really needed and it is not available so far.
However, also found some aspect of it that is categorized as "moderate" or in other word "fairly effective". That can happen considering that there are still many people and its environment that is still untouched by the TMMD program. That happened because the wide area of coverage and the huge number of people living in Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region that need it. The effectiveness of practice of the physical activity is still frequently hindered by the time of the program because there are a lot of people that are busy working so that they feel difficult in moving them for the program even though basically the society are enthusiastic upon it.
In the aspect of benefit and effectiveness, the TMMD program, the non-physical, upon the improvement of closeness between TNI and Society, is in the category of score of "high" or it also means "effective". That can happened if the non-physical activity is followed with the free groceries and free entertainment so that it may be followed by more locals.
On the opposite, some of it are also categorized as "moderate" or in other word "fairly effective". That condition can be seen from the response from the society upon the non-physical activity that is less enthusiast due to the nonphysical materials that is tend no be monotonous, having less variations when facing the development in the environment that is dynamic specifically in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region.

Conclusion:-
Referring to the result of the research and the discussion mentioned above then the effectiveness of the progress of the TMMD Program of the 2012 period in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province, generally, in the aspect of physical and non-physical is fairly effective in creating the closeness between TNI and Society including in helping the local or regional government to build their respective regions. However, for the society who directly feel the benefit of the physical work in the TMMD program, it seemed that it give an effective in improving the closeness between the TNI and Society whether in the aspect of physical as well as non-physical activity.
Hence, the TMMD program can be continued considering that this program is highly needed by the most society, especially the society that live in an untouched location by the national development as well as the regional development. In this case, it needs corrections in the aspects of the program activity that is less effective so that the implementation of the program can be more effective and useful.

Suggestion:-
In order to improve the effectiveness of TMMD program in the Jakarta Capital Special Regon Province and its Surrounding Region, then some points of recommendations are proposed: 1964 In the aspect of context components:-(a) an activity needs to be designed that is more creative and innovative that can involve participation of the society widely and optimally especially the working society, the middle class society as well as the society outside the location of physical activity of TMMD program that is adjusted with the dynamic and he characteristics of social life in the Capital City of the Nation and its Surrounding Region. (b) Improvement of budget allocation needs to be expanded in term of volume and the range of target along with time that is longer so that it becomes more effective in improving the closeness of TNI and Society; In the aspect of process component:-(a) a more creative and innovative needed to be designed that can improve the participation of society widely and optimally especially the society who are working, middle-class as well as the society outside of the target location of the physical activity in the TMMD program that is adjusted with the dynamic and the characteristics of social life in the Capital City of Nation and its Surrounding Region. (b) in determining the target and the arrangement of schedule of activity, coordination needed to be improved to be more intensive with the other parties from the local government in order to accommodate the importance of locals as the accomplishment goal for the TMMD program that can be more optimal. (c) The optimal involvement of the big family of The Indonesian National Army other youth organization to optimize the result from the TMMD program; and In the aspect of product component:-(a) a more creative and innovative needed to be designed that can improve the independence and the economic empowerment of the society in order to improve the prosperity of the people accordingly to the dynamic and the characteristics of social life in the Capital City of Nation and its Surrounding Region. (b) Intensive and wide socialization needed to be done about the activities in TMMD program especially the goal and target of the TMMD program long before the day TMMD program started, such as through meeting with the public figure, religious leader/figure, cultural icon, and youth figure as well as through other mass media. Also, (c) evaluation needed to be done in the TMMD program comprehensively based on the fact and condition objectively in the field every year to be able be used as the material of planning for the next year of period of the TMMD program.