A CRITICAL REVIEW OF CLASSICAL NAVAJATA SHISHU PARICHARYA W.S.R. TO BASIC NEWBORN RESUSCITATION

* Chuman Lal Bhaskar 1 , Dobariya Miral R. 1 , Sonam Chaudhary 1 , K. S patel 2 and V. K. Kori 3 . 1. PG Scholar, Department of Kaumarbhritya I.P.G.T. & R.A., GAU Jamnagar Gujarat, India. 2. HOD Kaumarbhritya Department, I.P.G.T. & R.A., GAU Jamnagar Gujarat, India. 3. Asso. Professor Kaumarbhritya Department, I.P.G.T. & R.A., GAU Jamnagar Gujarat, India. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 05 February 2019 Final Accepted: 07 March 2019 Published: April 2019

Introduction -A Newborn is a child under 28 days of age and this is most vulnerable period. Care of the newborn right from just after birth till the first feeding has been described by the classical text of Ayurveda. As per Ayurveda, Navajata means Sadyojata (Just born child). Various procedures were advice in the management of Newborn child by Acharya with few differences in opinion regarding the sequences of those procedures. The steps of Navajata Shishu ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 7(4), 303-309 304 right from just after birth till the first feeding. Ulvaparimarjana, Pranapratyagamana, Nabhinalachedana etc. has been described by the different classical texts of Ayurveda. These procedures revealing their scientific relevance and utility in care of newborn. Navajata Shishu Paricharya (Care of newborn) has found detailed mention in both Ayurvedic and modern texts. In ancient Ayurvedic texts, Acharya′s have given prime importance to care of newborn (NavjataShishuParicharya) which starts from birth to viable stability of the newborn. In general, the care of a normally delivered newborn at birth includes prevention of asphyxia, hypothermia, early rooming in and initiation of breast feeding. Various procedures were advised in the management of newborn child by Acharyas with a few differences in sequences of these procedures [2] . Neonatal resuscitation means to revive or restore life to a baby from the state of asphyxia. The aim of neonatal resuscitation is necessary to ventilate a newborn baby that is not breathing and protect the life of baby. Ninety percent of newly born babies make the transition from intrauterine to extra uterine life without difficulty. Any baby can have breathing difficulties at birth. It is important to anticipate and be prepared for this eventuality in all deliveries [3] .

Aim & Objective:-
Comparison of classical Navajata Shishu Parichaya with basic resuscitation of newborn care in advance medical science.

Material and methods:
Review of Navajata Shishu Paricharya from classical Ayurvada literatures and Database described on Internet i.e. Pubmed, Medline.

Discussion:-
The Different Steps of Navajata Shishu Paricharya are Mentioned By Acharya′s [ In modern method of Resuscitation stimulation of respiration by sensory stimulation, they are… By drying (cleansing and stimulation). By striking the palms and soles (pressure and pain).

305
Rubbing the back (direct stimulation of sensory pathway).

मु खऩररसे चन (Mukhaparisechana) [8]
Hot and cold water should be sprinkled over the face of baby alternatively according to season. Sprinkling of Hot or Cold water may stimulate the thermo receptors present over face region. Blood circulation is maximum in face area, supplied by external carotid artery which connects with internal carotid artery. Which contain baroreceptors, role of baroreceptors in stimulation of respiration this method is useful only in state of primary apnea and may be given for two or three times. [9] Black colored broken earthen pots and winnowing basket for fanning. Ventilating the baby by using room air which contains 21% of oxygen replaces the impure air and creates negative pressure on spot, fresh air being sucked. This should be done till the baby completely revives. This provides initiation of respiration and optic nerve stimulation in depressed or floppy baby. During this procedure precaution should be taken to avoid hypothermia due to heat loss mainly by convection. However, these stimulations are not sufficient to stimulate vital centers for their normal function in the baby, who is suffered from secondary apnea [10] .
Vernix caseosa which is a sticky secretion covering all over the body and plays an important role in maintaining temperature of the newborn baby. According to Sushruta Samhita Ulva and Mukha should be cleaned with rock salt and Sarpi [11] .
GARBHODAKAVAMANA [12] सै न्त्धवोऩहहते नसर्ऩण षाकायण प्रछदण नम ् | (च.शा.8/42) Acharya explains that Garbhodaka Vamana by applying the Saindhava and Ghrita in the mouth (buccal cavity) of baby. Nowadays this process has been replaced by the aspiration of amniotic fluid followed by the proper stomach wash with normal saline at birth the nasogastric tube [13] .
NABHINALAKARTANA [14] स्वस्थीिू तस्यनालिं चसू रे र्चतु रङ्गु ऱात| बदध्वोध्वण वधण नयत्तत्तवाचग्रीवायामवसं ज्ये त || (अ.ह्र.उ.1/5) Cutting of cord should be done once the baby is stabilized. It should be cut at 4 Angula lengths by Ardhadhara Shastra after tying with cotton thread and encircle it around the neck. Upward hanging of distal of the cord usually rests in contact of the skin of abdomen above the umbilicus which helps in prevention of oozing from the umbilicus during and after the cord fall. It is probably, due to kinking of the umbilical vein. This technique is also found effective in prevention of umbilical cord infection by keeping the umbilical cord away from the urine or stool so that it can't get contaminated [15] .