REVIEW ARTICLE ON SIRA VEDHAN (VENA OF PUNCTURE) AS A ONE OF THE AYURVEDIC METHOD OF BLOOD LETTING.

Dr. Ajinkya suresh Gite, Dr. Mukund Dhule and Dr. Hemant D. Toshikhane. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 17 May 2019 Final Accepted: 19 June 2019 Published: July 2019


Sira
The Mula (root) Sira are 10 in number, which are connected to Hridaya and from there they spread upwards, downwards, and sideward and transport Ojas (essence of Dhatus). All the functions of body (Kaya, Vaka, Manas) are carried out by these Sira. There are total 700 Sira in human body. [REF] There are 400 veins present in the Sakha, 136 are present in the Koshta and 164 are present in the head and neck region. 700 in number out of these 602 VedhyaSira, 98AvedhyaSira, in human body. [REF] Contraindications For Siravedhya Sira vedhya should not be undertaken in the balyavastha (very young),and the sthavir (very old), ruksha(perched man), kshata (wounded),kshina (debilitated person), bhiru(timid), parisharnt(tired), Madhya padhwa(excessive drinking), stri karshit(emaciated due to excessive indulgence in sex),in person who have undergone vaman (emesis) or virechan (purgasis ) anuwasan and asthapan vasthi(who have been administered enemas),in person who has spent sleepless nights,in impotents ,in very weak persons pregnant women's,in persons suffering from kapha ,asthma,fasting,thirst and unconsciousness .sira vedhya is contra indicatedon in insisible siras and even if visible but cannot be stabilized (slippery) or even if stabilized but cannot be made prominent. siravedhya
Siravedhan Vidhi (Method Of Venue Puncture)[125 a patient who has undergone the process of snehan (oleation ) and swedan (fomentation),who has taken a liquid diet and yayagu(gruel) which act as an antidote against body doshas, shoud be brought to the surgeon at the proper season (not in rainy or winter season ) and made to sit or lie down in a position which does not hinder the vital functions. the part chosen for the venue puncture should not be tied too hard nor too loose by any cloth ,skin the inner fibers of the bark or creepers .then the sira should be opened with proper instruments.

Suitable timings for sira vedhan[126]:
the sira vedhan should not be performed on too cold , too hot wind or cloudy day.it should also forbidden on any healthy persons.

Raktamokshana Yogya Kala[127]
Generally the Pitta Dosha vitiated in the Sharad (autumn) Ritu. Rakta vitiation is induced by Pitta provocation. So that in the autumn Raktamokshana should be carried out. Sushruta has further specified that blood-letting should be performed on a patient not in an extremely hot or cold season, neither on one who is too much heated or improperly heated.

Rakta Visravana Pramana[128]
As Rakta Dhatu is very important for life hence, Acharya already decided the quantity of bloodletting for Raktamokshana. As per Acharya view 1 Prastha (640ml) is prescribed as the maximum volume of bloodletting / per sitting of blood. This volume is indicated in patients having strong built, appropriate age and having fully vitiated Rakta.