CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FASTING LIPID PROFILE

Background: Hypertensive emergencies are severe clinical condition in which sudden increase in arterial blood pressure can lead to acute vascular damage of vital organs. Hypertension and dyslipidemia often co-exist. Dyslipidemia worsens the prognosis in hypertensive emergency patients. So this study aimed to study the clinical profile and spectrum of target organ involved in patients with hypertensive emergencies with special reference to fasting lipid profile.

Materials and method: This study is a hospital based cross sectional study carried in 60 patients admitted in medicine ward of JMCH fulfilling the eligible criteria. All patients are subjected to clinical workout with detailed history, examination and also lipid profile value. Lipid profile of study group are compared with lipid profile of 60 normotensive patients

Results: The most common presenting complaint in the study is weakness of limbs (75%) followed by headache (46.66%), vomiting, dyspnoea. The most common spectrum of neurological end organ damage is ICH (46.66%) followed by cerebral infarct (23.33%), least common is SAH. Triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL and VLDL level in hypertensive emergencies are significantly higher (p<0.05) than in normotensive patients.

Conclusion: The commonest clinical presentation in hypertensive emergency is neurological deficit. Fasting lipid profile is significantly deranged in hypertensive emergencies.