PHYTOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS AND ITS EXPLOITATION – REVIEW.

This review represents the condition of phytoremediation technologies with meticulous prominence on phytoextraction of contaminated soil by heavy metals and also focused on the probable usage of trees for the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. Heavy metals, the source of pollution in the environment impart serious crisis since these metals are non biodegradable and can accumulate in living organism. Most of the remedial technologies are abundant and slow up the soil fertility; this consequently causes pessimistic impacts on the ecosystem. Phytoremediation is found to be an advanced treatment process which yields cost-effective and eco-friendly technology. Further, the exploit of plants in metal extraction (phytoremediation) has emerged as a potential option in the amputation of heavy metal surplus from soil and water. Phytoremediation of impure water, is based on the farming of aquatic plants such as Eichhornia crassipes and Azolla filiculoides Lam., which have verified as high potential to absorb cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) from aqueous solutions. High biomass weeds were preferred to check the way of contaminants into the food chain by choosing non-edible, disease resistant and tolerant plants, which can afford renewable energy. Consequently creating phytoextraction more feasible for current exploitation.