A COGITATION ON HYPERGLYCEMIA INDUCED DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of blindness in the diabetic population, and its prevalence is variable. Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of preventable blindness owing to both diabetic macular edema and complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NDIC 2011). As the incidence of diabetes increases yearly, so does the frequency of vision threatening diabetic retinopathy. Over the last decade, the gold standard for treatment has transitioned from laser photocoagulation to anti- vascular endothelial growth factor agents. With further understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease and the Role of Vascular endothelial cell growth factor(VEGF) in breakdown of endothelial cell-cell junction has been explained clearly. With the aid of advanced imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography, several novel treatment options lie on the horizon. An understanding of options for management of macular edema is essential for providers and patients alike to help achieve best potential outcomes. For people with diabetes macular edema is the most common cause of vision loss. Both type 1 and type 2 DM patients are susceptible to DME. The likelihood of developing DME increases with severity of retinopathy as well as duration since onset of diabetes. A case report has been presented for treatment approaches in managing suboptimal responses associated with Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)