Evaluation of Thyroid Function and Lipid Profile in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases are two common endocrinopathies seen in the general population. Asymptomatic Thyroid dysfunction reported more frequently in diabetic population particularly in type 1 diabetes. High frequency of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis has been reported also in type1 diabetic disease. Subjects and method: The present study evaluates the relation between the two diseases through investigating the levels of random blood sugar (RBS), HA1c, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid microsomal antibodies (TmAb) and lipid parameters in 60 type 1 diabetic children, 48 of them were well managed and 12 were uncontrolled cases. And 60 healthy controls aged between 4-16 years old. Results: TSH was significantly elevated in patients mainly in the uncontrolled diabetic group, TmAb was detected in 41 of 60 patients, 78% of them were uncontrolled type 1 D.M. The difference were highly significant regarding TSH, free T4, and TmAb. Also the lipid profile showed highly significant difference between the cases and controls. Conclusion: Serum TSH and TmAb levels are elevated in IDDM cases when compared to the controls. Among the uncontrolled IDDM cases, elevation in serum and LDL-cholesterol levels together with low level of HDL- C is highly significant in the cases with thyroid antibodies compared to the cases without antibodies.