Immunoassay of IL-10 and IL-2 in mice model vaccinated with killed Leishmania major vaccine.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania,L.major (wet cutaneous leishmaniasis) and L.tropica (dry cutaneous leishmaniasis).They are transmitted as promastigotes to mammalian hosts by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sand flies.The inoculation of mice with L.major experimentally reproduces cutaneous leishmaniasis and the development of a polarized Th1 or Th2 response results in resistance or susceptibility,respectively to this intracellular parasite.Vaccines against the L.major have historically progressed from the use of living virulent organisms to attenuated and then to killed promastigotes.A total of 45 female BALB/c mice at 8-9 weeks of age were grouped as following,first group act as,control uninfected group, second group were infected with 0.1 ml of RPMI 1640 media (each ml of media has 107 promastigote)per mouse,while the third group was Injected with prepared leishmania vaccine.IL-2 and IL-10 titers in mice serum were measured by using of ELISA technique.High levels of IL-0 cytokine were found in the vaccinated mice groups, these ranged from (3.36 to 4.99 pg/ml) in the first week after vaccination,(9.57 to 10.95 pg/ml)after 10th day of challenge infection,and in the 20th day they ranged from (11.01 to 12.03 pg/ml),while in the control and infected groups they ranged from (0.99 to 2.02 pg/ml) and (3.02 to 4.89 pg/ml) respectively.Titer of IL-2 cytokine of the vaccinated mice groups, after challenge infection was ranged from (3.10 to 3.58 pg ? ml) in the first week, and from (3.59 to 3.69) after the10th day which was in the same range of the infected mice group(3.01-3.58 pg/ml).while in the 20th day after challenge infection it ranged from (3.67 to 4.12 pg/ml). Conclusion: we concluded that prepared killed vaccine, increases production of IL-10 (Th2 immune response) in vaccinated mice group, in comparison with infected group which provides protection in mice against virulent L. major challenge.There is no lesions of L.major infection appear on mice which challenged with L.major after vaccination.