The Anti-inflammatory effect of grape seed extract in rats exposed to Cadmium Chloride toxicity

Cadmium is considered as a very serious environmental health problem. It is absorbed via three different ways gastrointestinal duct, skin and respiratory system. The mechanism of cadmium toxicity like any other heavy metal toxicity induces the formation of reactive oxygen species which underlies tissue damages and physiological defects. In this study, we have used rats as an animal model for in vivo investigations. Different haematological parameters have been used to determine the inflammatory effect of cadmium toxicity and the anti-inflammatory role of grape seed extract. Here we demonstrate that daily oral intake of grape seed extract increases peripheral leukocytic counts and pro-inflammatory mediators CCL1, CCL2 and CCL12 .In addition, both inflammatory indicators TNF-? and neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio were reduced after tow months of cadmium chloride and grape seed extract co-treatment. Our data suggests that the oral intake of grape seed extract protects the experimental animals against inflammation due to both the anti-inflammatory action and immune response enhancement.