Detection of anti-ds DNA Antibodies in Iraqi Patients Suspected with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is autoimmune disease where autoantibodies are frequently targeted against intracellular antigens of the cell nucleus double and single stranded DNA (ds-DNA and ss-DNA, respectively), histones, and extractable nuclear antigens (enas). The detection of anti ds-DNA anti bodies are highly specific for SLE and are therefore very important in the diagnosis and clinical monitoring of the disease and evaluation it\'s activity in patients. The main aim of this study is estimation the role of anti double stranded DNA (anti-ds DNA) in the diagnosis and prevalence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) disease in Iraqi patients. Materials & Methods: A total of 154 Iraqi patients with SLE symptoms were attended to Al-yarmouk hospital in Baghdad from March to June 2015. Venous blood sample was collected and serum separated for quantitative detection for anti-dsDNA antibodies using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assays (ELISA) commercial Kit by (Generic Assay gmbh/Germany). The Statistical Analysis System- SAS (2012) was used to effect of different factors in Anti dsDNA antibody. Results: A total of 154 blood samples suspected SLE, there was a significant differences between male 31(20.1%) and female 123(79.9%).In addition the age group less than 30 years (Mean ± SE 36.30 ± 10.82) was differ statistically from the age group more than 50 years (13.05 ± 1.34 ). A full data of Anti dsDNA antibody was obtained for 154 patients, 19 (12 .34%) was positive and 135 (87.66%) was negative without any positive result in control group. The prevalence incident of positive samples higher in female 16(13.01%) more than 3 (9.68%) in male versus negative results (86.99%, 90.32%) respectively. The positive Anti dsDNA antibody was highest in 30-50 years group 13 (16.05%) compared to other age groups (6, 11.32% and 0.00%) respectively. Conclusion: Results study ravel the differences between negative and positive Anti dsDNA antibody and all factors including gender and age groups in Iraqi patients .Current study useful in the early diagnosis of SLE patients presenting anti-dsDNA antibodies using ELISA technique.