GC-MS Analysis and Biological Activity of Different Fractions of Sudanese Albiza amara(Vohl)Benth. Roots.

Abiza amara (Fabaceae) is an important plant in ethno medicine . Most of the previous studies focused on the leaves, barks and seeds. Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract of the roots revealed the presence of alkaloids ,tannins, saponins, carbohydrates, and flavonoids. Different fractions obtained from roots were studied by (GC-MS) . The volatiles present varied according to the solvent used for extraction. The ethyl acetate fraction yielded highest amount of volatile compounds (17components) ,petroleum ether (2 components) ,chloroform (4 components) ,ethanol (9 components ) and n-butanol(7components) .2,2'-Methylene-bis[6-(1,1dimethylethyl)-4-ethyl] phenol was the most frequently occurring compound being detected in chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts(26.56,21.04 and 7.73% respectively) . Also hexadecanoic acid methyl ester is another major constituent being detected in ethyl acetate , n-butanol and ethanolic extracts (12.58,15.07,22.82% respectively).Thirty one components were identified in A. Amara roots by GC-MS analysis.