ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION: A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY IN JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA.

Introduction:-Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are considered to be one of the most common chronic diseases globally, and their coexistence in an individual increases the risk of many possible long-term complications. Insulin resistance is an important common link between diabetes and hypertension. However, their relation is not very well understood. Objective:-The main objective of this study was to assess the relation between DM and Hypertension among adults population in Jeddah city ,Saudi Arabia . Method:- A randomized Cross-sectional study was conducted in Al Balad, A historic festival in Jeddah city , Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire, weight and height scales were used to collect the data of demographic and anthropometric characteristics, and risk factors. Results:- Total of the 3230 adult respondents, (54.5% )were females, and (83.3% )were Saudis. The majority of participants were 35 years and younger (68%), followed by the age group of 36-49 years old (19%). 12% of respondents have hypertension, 85.1% of whom were Saudi, with a slight female predominance (50.4%). Family history of hypertension was reported from 69.7%. Analysis of the data showed a higher risk of hypertension diagnosis with a positive family history (OR=1.69,95%CI=1.30-2.19; P=.000). 10% of participants reported to have DM, 78.1% of whom had a positive family history of DM. Statically significant convergence was seen in those with family history of hypertension and family history diabetes mellitus (P <0.001 ) Conclusion:- This study showed a statistically significant correlation between DM and hypertension, beside their widely distribution. Thus, periodic health examinations and action should be taken by stakeholders to decrease the onset and the short – long term complications of the diseases, also increase the level of awareness in the society as well as lifestyle optimization which remains the cornerstone in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and hypertension.