30May 2017

SEDIMENTOLOGIE DE FACIES DES DEPOTS TRIASIQUES DE LA REGION DE OUED EL MALEH ET ELGARA (BASSIN DE MOHAMMEDIA-BENSLIMANE-ELGARA-BERRECHID, MAROC).

  • Laboratoire de Dynamique des bassins s?dimentaires et corr?lations g?ologiques, Facult? des Sciences Ben M?sik, Universit? Hassan II de Casablanca. B.P. 7955, Sidi Othmane, Casablanca, Maroc.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

The Triassic deposits of the Mohammedia-Benslimane-ElGara-Berrechidbasin have a silicoclastic and saliferous nature covered by basaltic flows. These deposits occur locally in the northern, eastern and southern parts of the basin, and plunge weakly towards the south west under cretaceous deposits. In this paper, we are interested in the Triassic outcrops at Oued El Maleh-ElGara area (central and northern part of the basin). The detailed description of the outcrops and the recognition of facies and architectural elements characteristic of the deposition environment revealed the existence of a clastic and evaporitic episode before the basalt effusion. This study has shown an important palaeoenvironmental evolution that has evolved from an alluvial fan environment (the base of the series) to a braided river environment that becomes anastomosed (middle of the series). At the end, the system moved to a coastal plain environment characterized by very fine and evaporitic deposits resulting from an installation of lacustrine and also lagoonal environments in connection with a Upper-Triassic epicontinental sea.

  1. Allen, J.R.L., 1983. Studies in fluviatile sedimentation: bars, bar-complexes and sandstone sheets (low-sinuosity braided streams) in the Brownstones (L. Devonian), Welsh Borders. Sediment Geol, pp. 237-293.
  2. Beauchamp, J., 1982. Le permien et le trias marocains : quelques acquisitions r?centes. D?partement de G?ologie, Facult? des Sciences de Marrakech
  3. Beauchamp, J., 1988. Triassic sedimentation and rifting in the High Atlas (Morocco). In: Manspeizer W. (ed), Triassic-Jurassic Rifting: Continental Breakup and the Origin of the Atlantic Ocean and Passive Margins. Developments in Geotectonics, 22, p. 477-497.
  4. Beauchamp, J., Benaouiss, N., & Courel, L., 1995. O? ?tait donc le domaine marin dans le Maroc africain au Trias sup?rieur. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 221, s?r. II a, p. 1033-1040.
  5. Benaouiss, N., Courel, L., Beauchamp, J., 1996. Rift-controlled fluvial/tidal transitional series in the Oukaimeden Sandstones, High Atlas of Marrakesh (Morocco).Sediment. Geol. 107, 21?36.
  6. Biron, P.E., 1982. Le Permo-Trias de la r?gion de l\'Ourika (Haut-Atlas de Marrakech, Maroc):lithostratigraphie, s?dimentologie, tectonique et min?ralisations. Universit?ScientifiqueetM?dicale de Grenoble. French. <tel-00710295>
  7. Bridge, J. S., 1993. Description and interpretation of fluvial deposits: a critical perspective. Sedimentology 40: 801-810.
  8. Chalouan, A., 1981. Stratigraphie et structure du Pal?ozo?que de l?Oued Cherrat: un segment du couloir de cisaillement de Meseta occidentale (Maroc).Notes ServG?ol Maroc 42 (308): 33?100.
  9. Destombes, J., Jeannette, A., 1966. M?moire explicatif de la carte g?otechnique de la Meseta c?ti?re ? l\'Est de Casablanca. R?gions de Mohammedia, Bouznika et BenSlimane. Notes et M?moires Service g?ologique Maroc, 180 bis, 104p.
  10. Einsele, G., 2000. Sedimentary Basins: Evolution, Facies, and Sediment Budget. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg. 792 pp.
  11. Eji Uba, C., Heubeck, C., Hulka C., Facies analysis and basin architecture of the Neogene Subandean synorogenic wedge, southern Bolivia. Sedimentary Geology.
  12. El Wartiti, M., & Fadli, D., 1985. Relations socle-couverture au cours du Trias dans la zone de BenSlimane-ElGara (Maroc nord mesetien). Sci. Ter., Rabat, 1, 54-66.
  13. El Wartiti, M., Medina, F., &Fadli, D., 1992. Effects of the central Atlantic early rifting in the northern border of the Berrechid-ElGara basin (Morocco).Gaia, 4, 31-38.
  14. Ethridge, F. G. et Flores, R. M., 1981. Recent and ancient nonmarine depositional environments: Models for exploration, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 31, 349p.
  15. Fadli D., 1990. Evolution s?dimentaire et structurale des massifs du Khatouat et des Mdakra : Deux segments hercyniens de la Meseta nord-occidentale. Th?se de doctorat de Rabat Universit? Mohammed V, Rabat.
  16. Hofmann, A., Tourani, A., Gaupp, R., 2000. Cyclicity of Triassic to Lower Jurassic continental red beds of the Argana Valley, Morocco; implications for palaeoclimate and basin evolution. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 161, 229?266.
  17. Johnson, S.Y., 1984. Cyclic fluvial sedimentation in a rapidly subsiding basin, northwest Washington.Sediment Geol., 38: 361-392.
  18. Liu, Z. et Wangb, C., 2001. Facies analysis and depositional systems of Cenozoic sediments in the Hoh Xil basin, northern Tibet. Sedimentary Geology 140, 251-270.
  19. Lyazidi, A., 2004. Evolution g?odynamique du bassin triasique de Berrechid-ElGara-BenSlimane (Meseta Nord Occidentale, Maroc). Th?se, Universit? Mohammed V-Agdal Rabat, Maroc.
  20. Manspeizer, W., 1988. A stratigraphic record from Morocco and North America of rifting drifting and Tethyan transgressions of the Central Proto-Atlantic. Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 369-373.
  21. Mattis, A.F., 1977. Nonmarine Triassic sedimentation, central High Atlas Mountains, Morocco. Sediment. Petrol. 47, 107?119.
  22. Massari, F., 1983. Tabular cross-bedding in Messinian fluvial channel conglomerates, Southern Alps, Italy. In: J.D. Collinson and J. Lewin (Editors), Modern and Ancient Fluvial Systems. Assoc. Sediment. Spec. Publ., 6: 287-300.
  23. Medina, F., 1996. Le Trias du Maroc: introduction. In Medina, F. (?diteur): le Permien et le Trias du Maroc. Editions PUMAG, Marrakech 1996, pp. 213-225.
  24. Menkem, E.F., 2013. Lithofacies and depositional environment of volcano-sedimentary deposits of SE Mayo Oulo basin. American Journal of Geosciences 3 (2): 23-29.
  25. Miall, A.D., 1977.A review of the braided river depositional environment. Earth-Sci. Rev., 13: 1-62.
  26. Miall, A.D., 1978. Lithofacies types and vertical profile models in braided river deposits: a summary. In: A.D. Miall (Editor), Fluvial Sedimentology. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol. Mem., 5: 597-604.
  27. Miall, A.D., 1985. Architectural-Element Analysis: A New Method of Facies Analysis Applied to Fluvial Deposits. Earth-Science Reviews, 22 (1985) 261-308.
  28. Miall, A.D., 2006. The Geology of Fluvial Deposits, Sedimentary Facies, Basin Analysis, and Petroleum Geology.4th corrected printing, Springer.
  29. Oplu?til, S., Mart?nek, K., Tas?ryov?, Z., 2005. Facies and architectural analysis of fluvial deposits of the N?řany Member and the T?nec Formation (Westphalian D-Barruelian) in the Kladno-Rakovn?k and Pilsen basins. Bulletin of Geosciences, Vol. 80, N?1, 45-66.
  30. Piqu? A., 1979. Evolution structurale d?un segment de la chaine hercynienne: la meseta marocaine nord occidentale. G?ol., M?m.56.
  31. Poli, E., 1997. Stratigraphie s?quentielle haute-r?solution, mod?les de d?p?t et g?om?trie 2D-3D des s?quences triasiques de la marge t?thysienne ard?choise. Th?se, Universit? de Bourgogne-Centre des Sciences de la Terre.
  32. Postma, G., & Cruickshank, C., 1988. Sedimentology of a late Weichselian to Holocene terraced fan delta, Varangerfjord, northern Norway. In Nemec, W. et Steel, R.J. (editors) Fan deltas: Sedimentology and tectonic settings. Blackie, London, 144-158.
  33. Reineck, H. E. & Singh, I. B., 1980. Depositional Sedimentary Environments. Springer-verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 551 p.
  34. Rust, B.R., 1972. Structure and Process in a braided river. Sedimentology, 18, 221−246.
  35. Rust, B.R., 1978. Depositional models for braided alluvium. In: A.D. Miall (Editor), Fluvial Sedimentology. Soc. Petrol. Geol. Mem., 5: 605-625.
  36. Rust, B.R., 1981. Sedimentation in an arid-zone anastomosing fluvial system: Cooper\'s Creek, Central Australia. J. Sediment. Petrol.
  37. Sohn, Y.K., Kim, S.B., Hwang, I.G., Bahk, J.J., Choe, M.Y., & Chough, S.K., 1997. Characteristics and depositional processes of large-scale gravelly Gilbert-type foresets in the Miocene Doumsan fan delta, Pohang Basin, SE Korea. Journal of Sedimentary Research 67 (1), 130-141.
  38. Sohn, Y.K., 2000. Depositional process of submarine debris flows in the Miocene fan deltas, Pohang Basin, SE Korea with special reference to flow transformation. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 70: 491-503.
  39. Takahashi, T., 1978. Mechanical characteristics of debris flow. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civil Eng. 104, 1153?1169.
  40. Takahashi, T., 1981. Debris flow. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 13, 57?77.
  41. Takahashi, T., 1991. Debris flows. IAHR Monograph Series. Balkema, Rotterdam.
  42. Tixeront, M., 1973. Lithostratigraphie et min?ralisation cuprif?res et uranif?res stratiformes syngenetiques et famili?res des formations d?tritiques permo-triasiques du Couloir d?Argana (Haut-Atlas occidental, Maroc). Notes Serv. g?ol. Maroc 249, 147?177.
  43. Warren, J.K., 2006. Evaporites: Sediments, Resources and Hydrocarbons. Springer, New York, p. 1035.
  44. Warren, J. K., 2010. Evaporites through time: Tectonic, climatic and eustatic controls in marine and nonmarine deposits. Earth-Science Reviews 98 pp. 217?268.
  45. Zahraoui M., 1991. La plate-forme carbonat?e d?vonienne du Maroc occidental et sa dislocation-hercynienne. Th?se d??tat, Universit? de Brest, 261p.

[Abdelkrim Afenzar and Rachid Essamoud. (2017); SEDIMENTOLOGIE DE FACIES DES DEPOTS TRIASIQUES DE LA REGION DE OUED EL MALEH ET ELGARA (BASSIN DE MOHAMMEDIA-BENSLIMANE-ELGARA-BERRECHID, MAROC). Int. J. of Adv. Res. 5 (May). 1938-1949] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Abdelkrim AFENZAR
Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik, Université Hassan II de Casablanca

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/4332      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/4332

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 68 | No. of Views: 238