08Nov 2018

SURVEY ON THE CONSUMPTION AND STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IRVINGIA WOMBOLU VERMOESEN SEEDS IN IVORY COAST.

  • Laboratoire de Biochimie et Sciences des Aliments-UFR Biosciences-Universit? F?lix Houphou?t-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, C?te d?Ivoire.
  • UFR Math?matiques et Informatique, Universit? F?lix Houphou?t Boigny, Abidjan, C?te d?Ivoire, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, C?te d?Ivoire.
  • Institution National de Recherche Agronomique/Unit? de Nutrition Humaine/Universit? d?Auvergne/France, 63122 Saint Gen?s-Champanelle ? France.
  • Laboratoire de Nutrition et Pharmacologie-UFR Biosciences-Universit? F?lix Houphou?t-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, C?te d?Ivoire.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

In Ivory Coast, the seeds of Irvingia wombolu are widely consumed. For valorizing their important potential, a survey and a physicochemical study of the mature seeds were performed. The survey targeting the consumption of these seeds by the populations revealed that they hold a staple place in their food habits, as 96.6% of participants eat them. The reasons that justify such a level of consumption were cultural attachment and adoption of eating habit. Seeds are used as an additive for thickening of sauces and are very appreciated because of the pleasant flavor and slimy consistency. A small proportion (15.2%) of participants used them also for medical and cosmetic purposes. The main selection criteria for their purchase were the good sanitary quality and good smell (not fermented). Their price at the urban market was 110 CFA francs (15 seeds) during the harvest time and 145 CFA francs (12 seeds) off season, despite the lower quality. However, the percentage of participants eating the seeds off season remains high (80.1%). The physicochemical analysis of the seeds of I. wombolu collected from the region of ?Lagunes? revealed that they contained 69.44%, 19.05%, 12.37%, 4.10%, and 2.65% of crude fat, total carbohydrates, protein, ash, and moisture respectively, while those from the region of ?Fromager? consist of 70.56% (crude fat), 17.06% (total carbohydrates), 13.7% (protein), 4.23% (ash) and 2.66% (moisture). In-depth studies of the exact nature of fatty acids, protein and ash in seeds would better guide its use for the benefit of consumers.

  1. Abayeh, O.J., Abdulrazaq, A.K. and Olaogun, R. (1999): Quality characteristics of Canarium schweinfurthii Oil. Plant. Foods. Hum. Nutr. 54(1): 43-48.
  2. AgborEgbe, T. and Treche, S. (1995): Evaluation of the chemical composition of Cameroonian yam germplasm. J. Food. Comp. Anal., 8: 274-283.
  3. Ainge, L. and Brown, N. (2001). Irvingia gabonensis & Irvingia wombolu: A state of knowledge report undertaken for the central African regional program for the environment. Oxford: Oxford Forestry Institute.
  4. Akanni, M.S., Adekunle, A.S. and Oluyemi E.A. (2005): ?Physicochemical properties of some non-conventional oilseeds?. J. Food. Technol., 3(2):177-181.
  5. Akubugwo, I.E. and Ugbogu, A.E. (2007): Physicochemical studies on oils from five delected Nigerian plants seeds. J. Nutr., 6(1):75-78.
  6. (1998): Recensement g?n?ral de la population et de l?habitation. Abidjan: Institut national de la Statistique. http://www.ceped.org/ireda/inventaire/ressources/civ-1998-rec-o1_presentation.pdf
  7. (1975): Official methods of analysis (12th edition). Washington DC, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
  8. O.A.C. (1984): Official methods of analysis (14th edition). Washington DC, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
  9. Assanvo, B.J. (2008): Evaluation des qualit?s de l?atti?k? traditionnel ivoirien: Enqu?tes sur la production et la consommation, caract?risations physicochimiques, microbiologiques et sensorielles de quatre vari?t?s de manioc (IAC, Bonoua, Olekanga et TMS 4(2)1425). Th?se Unique de doctorat, option: Biotechnologie et sciences des Aliments, Universit? de Cocody, UFR Biosciences, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Sciences des Aliments, Abidjan, Cote d?Ivoire.
  10. Awono, A. and Manirakiza, D. (2007): ?Etude de base sur la mangue sauvage (Irvingia spp.)?. Rapport FAO- 28-Irvingia-interm .doc. http://www.fao.org/forestry/15693-0dc91a04d1a8e15cc5409450931cfe7f3.pdf.
  11. Dhellot, J.R., Matouba, E., Maloumbi, M.G., Nzikou, J.M., Safou Ngoma, D.G., Linder, M., et al. (2006): Extraction, chemical composition and nutritional characterization of vegetable oils: Case of Amaranthus hybridus (var 1 and 2) of Congo Brazzaville. Afr. J. Biotechnol., (5): 1095-1101.
  12. Dolor, D (2011): Effect of propagation media on the germination of seedling performance of Irvingia wombolu (Vermoesen). J. Biotechnol. Mol. Sci., 1(2): 51-56.
  13. Dunod, Y.T. (2001): La th?orie des sondages: Echantillonnage et estimation en populations finies?. Cours et exercices corrig?s, p. 296.
  14. Ejiofor, M.A.N., Onwubuke, S.N. and Okafor, J.C. (1987): Developing improved methods of processing and utilization of kernels of Irvingia gabonensis (var. gabonensis and var. excelsa). Inter Tree. Crops. J., 4: 283-290.
  15. Ekpo, I.W., Amor, I.D. and Morah, F.N.I. (2007): Seed oils and nutritive studies on the seeds of gabonensis and wombolu varieties of Irvingia gabonensis. Niger. Acad. For., 13:1-3.
  16. FAO (1998). Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition. Report of a joint FAO/WHO Expert consultation, 14-18 April 1997, Rome. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper No. 66. Rome.
  17. Harris, D.J. (1996): A revision of the Irvingiaceae in Africa?. Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg., 65:143-196.
  18. Janick, J. and Paull, R.E. (2008): The encyclopedia of fruit & nuts. Wallingford, UK: CABI North American Office.
  19. Kapseu, C. and Tchiegang, C. (1995): Chemical properties of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Bail.) seed oil. J. Food Lip., 2: 87-88.
  20. Kengni, E., Kengue, J., Ebenezer, E.B.K. and Tabuna, H. (2011): Irvingia gabonensis, Irvingia wombolu, bush mango. Conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources of priority food tree species in Sub-Sahara Africa. Rome: Bioversity international.
  21. Kengni, E., Mbofung, C. M. F., Tchouanguep, M. F., Tchoundjeu, Z. and Leakey, R.R.B. (2003): Food quality of indegeneous fruits and vegetables from Western and Central Africa: Opportunities for coping with the HIV/AIDS threat, rain forest biodiversity conservation and livelihood improvement. XII World Forestry Congres, Quebec.
  22. Kouam?-Ndri, M.Th. and Gnahoua, G.M. (2008): Spontaneous food trees and lianas of the semi deciduous forest zone (Center-West of Ivory Coast): Species encountered, plant parts consumed and food values. International Conference on Traditional Forest Knowledge, Accra.
  23. Lapido, D. (2000). ?Harvesting of Irvingia gabonensis and Irvingia wombolu in Nigeria forests; potentials for the development of sustainable systems?. http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/005/Y4496E/Y4496E32.htm (18 f?vrier 2010).
  24. Lapido, D.O., Fondom, F.M. and Ganga, N. (1996): ?Domestication of the bush mango?. http://www.fao.org/docrep/w3735e/w3735e25.htm (18 f?vrier 2010).
  25. Leakey, R.R.B. (1999): Potential for novel food products from agroforestry trees: A review. Food. Chem., 66:1-14.
  26. Matos, L., Nzikou, J.M., Matouba, E., Pandzou-Yembe, V.N., Guembot Mapepoulou, T., Linder, M. et al., (2009): Studies of Irvingia gabonensis seed kernels: Oil technological applications. Pak. J. Nutr., 8(2):151-157.
  27. Muzafarov, D.Ch. and Mazhidov, K.Kh. (1997): Chemical composition of husked and polished rice. Chem. Nat. Comp., 33:601-602.
  28. Ndoye, O., P?rez, M.R. and Eyebe, A. (1997): The market of non-timber forest products in the humid forest zone of Cameroun. Overseas Development Institute Rural Development Forestry Network Paper n? 22c, London: Overseas Development Institute.
  29. O?Brien, R.D. (2009): Fats and oils: Formulating and processing for applications (3rd edition).Boca Raton, FL: CRC/Taylor & Francis.
  30. Ochigbo, S.S. and Paiko, Y.B. (2011):?Effects of solvent blending on the characteristics of oils extracted from the seeds of Chrysophyllum albidum?. Inter. J. Sci. Nat., 2(2):352-358.
  31. Ogunsina, B.S., Bhatnagar, A.S., Indira, T.N. and Radha, C. (2012): The proximate composition of African bush kernels (Irvingia gabonensis) and characteristics of its oil. Ife J. Sci., 14(1):177-183.
  32. Tchoundjeu, Z., Atangana, A.R. and Degrande, A. (2005): Indigenous methods in preserving bush mango in Cameroun. Am. J. Appl. Sci, 2(9): 1337-1342.
  33. Vierling, E. (2008): Aliments et boissons: Technologies et aspects r?glementaires (3?me ?dition). Bordeaux: Centre R?gional de Documentation P?dagogique d?Aquitaine.

[Akuailou Eleonore Nausica , Assanvo Bomo Justine , Chatigre Kouame Olivier, Monsan Vincent , Coxam Veronique and Kati Coulibaly Seraphin (2018); SURVEY ON THE CONSUMPTION AND STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IRVINGIA WOMBOLU VERMOESEN SEEDS IN IVORY COAST. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 6 (Nov). 379-392] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

AKUAILOU Eleonore-Nausica
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Sciences des Aliments-UFR Biosciences-Université Felix Houphouet-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Cote d Ivoire

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/8010      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/8010

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 12 | No. of Views: 66