PREVALENCE OF PLASMID MEDIATED AMINOGLYCOSIDE MODIFYING ENZYMES IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE.

  • Resident, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India.
  • Senior Consultant (Microbiology and Virology), Oncquest Laboratories Limited, New Delhi 110029, India.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo

  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • How to Cite This Article
  • Corresponding Author

Background:-Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important cause of hospital-acquired infection. It is frequently recovered species from clinical specimens and multidrug-resistant are increasingly being reported worldwide. In spite of high resistance, aminoglycosides are still an important treatment option in infection with P. aeruginosa. The major factor responsible for aminoglycoside resistance is Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs), carried by mobile genetic elements. Aim: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of plasmid-mediated AME coding genes in P. aeruginosa. Methods: One hundred and forty consecutive, non-repeat isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from various clinical samples. Sensitivity to amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, and tobramycin were detected by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. AMEs-coding genes were detected by the molecular method. Result: Out of the 140 isolates, 62.14% were resistant to amikacin, 80% to gentamicin, 77.86% to netilmicin and 72.86% to tobramycin. 77.14% isolates were found to carry AMEs-coding genes. aac(6\')-I was the most frequently encountered gene (58.57%) present either singly or in combinatios, followed by ant(2\")-I (50%) and aph(3\')-I (32.14%). Conclusions: Markedly high resistance was observed against all aminoglycoside tested along with the high prevalence of AMEs-coding genes. These isolate may represent as potential reservoirs of aminoglycoside resistance in hospitals, having combinations of AMEs-coding genes on their plasmids. Good infection control practices and antibiotic stewardship programme are very important to prevent the spread of infections.

  1. Malhotra S, Sharma S, Hans C. Prevalence of Hospital Acquired Infections in a tertiary care hospital in India. J. Med. Med. Sci. 2014; 1(7): 91 ? 94.
  2. Tikhomirov E. WHO Programme for the Control of Hospital Infections. Chemiotherapia. 1987; 3:148?151.
  3. Hidron AI, Edwards JR, Patel J et al. NHSN annual update: Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens associated with healthcare-associated infections: Annual summary of data reported to the national healthcare safety network at the centers for disease control and prevention, 2006-2007. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008; 29 (11): 996-1011.
  4. Kerr KG, Snelling AM. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a formidable and ever-present adversary. J Hosp Infect. 2009; 73: 338?344.
  5. Hill D, Rose B, Pajkos A, Robinson M, Bye P, Bett S et al. Susceptibilities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates derived from patients with cystic fibrosis under aerobic, anaerobic, and biofilm conditions. J Clin Microbiol. 2005; 43 (10): 5085 ? 5090.
  6. Rossolini GM, Mantengoli E. Treatment and control of severe infections caused by multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005; 11, 17 ? 32.
  7. Shaw KJ, Rather PN, Hare RS, Miller GH. Molecular genetics of aminoglycoside resistance genes and familial relationships of the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Microbiol Rev. 1993;57(1):138-63.
  8. Ramirez MS, Tomalski ME. Aminoglycoside modifying enzyme. Drug Resistance Update. 2010; 13: 151 ? 171.
  9. M100 ? S24. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; twenty ? fourth informational supplement. Clinical and laboratory standards institute. January 2014.
  10. Kalaivani R, Shashikala P, Sheela Devi C, Prashanth K, Saranathan R. Phenotypic assays for detection of ESBL and MBL producers among the clinical isolates of multidrug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a tertiary care hospital. Int J Cur Rev. 2013; 5 (17): 28 ? 35.
  11. Srinivas B, Lalitha Devi D, Narasinga Rao B. A prospective study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its antibiogram in a teaching hospital of rural setup. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2012; 22 (18): 1 ? 5.
  12. Arora D, Jindal N, Kumar R, Romit. Emerging antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas ? A challenge. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci.2011; 3 (2): 82 ? 84.
  13. Raakhee T, Sreenivasa Rao U. Prevalence and resistance of Pseudomonas strains isolated from ICU patients. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2014; 3 (3): 527 ? 534.
  14. Anupurba S, Bhattacharjee A, Garg A, Sen M R. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound infection. Indian J Dermatol. 2006; 51 (4): 286 ? 288.
  15. Upadhyay S, Sen M R, Bhattacharjee A. Presence of different beta ? lactamase classes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing AmpC beta-lactamase enzyme. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2010; 4 (4): 239 ? 242.
  16. Shahid M, Malik A. Resistance due to aminoglycoside modifying enzymes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from burn patients. Indian J Med Res. 2005; 122: 324 ? 329.
  17. Chaudhary M, Payasi A. Resistance patterns and prevalence of the aminoglycoside modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of gram negative pathogens. Global J. Pharmacol. 2014; 8 (1): 73 ? 79.
  18. Miller GH, Sabatelli FJ, Hare RS, Glupczynski Y, Mackey P, Shlaes D, et al. The most frequent aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms changes with time and geographic area: a reflection of aminoglycoside usage patterns. Clin Infect Dis. 1997; 24: 46-62.
  19. Kim JY, Park YJ, Kwon HJ, Han K, Kang MW, Woo GJ. Occurrence and mechanisms of amikacin resistance and its association with b-lactamases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a Korean nationwide study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008; 62: 479-83.

Santanu Hazra, Partha Roy and Anubha Patel. (2019); PREVALENCE OF PLASMID MEDIATED AMINOGLYCOSIDE MODIFYING ENZYMES IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE., Int. J. of Adv. Res., 7 (02), 273-280, ISSN 2320-5407. DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/8485

Dr Santanu Hazra
Resident, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/8485      
DOI URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/8485

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 20 | No. of Views: 104