Study of Culture and Sensitivity pattern of microorganisms in urinary tract infection at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the commonest infections that we encounter in hospital practice. A simple urinary analysis (urine full report) is a good screening test but in order to confirm the diagnosis and to find out the causative organism a urine culture is required. Objectives: To determine microorganisms responsible for urinary tract infection in patients of a tertiary care hospital and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh between January 2014 and June 2014 to check the changing pattern of antibiotic sensitivity among uropathogens causing urinary tract infections (UTI). A total of 200 urine culture sensitivity reports were analyzed. Results and Observations: The predominant growth of single bacteria was seen in 160 (80.0%) samples. The most common organisms isolated were Escherichia coli, klebsiella, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas. (These represented 59.37%, 95; 20.6%, 33; 6.25%, 10 ; 5.0%, 08 and 3.75%, 06 of isolates respectively). More than 80% of the isolates were sensitive to amikacin and nitrofurantoin, while more than 35% were sensitive to norfloxacin and levofloxacin. Very high rate of resistance was seen against amoxicillin (78.65%) and amoxi-clav (62.55%). Conclusion: The choice of drugs in the treatment of UTI is quite narrow today due to the wide scale resistance that the common UTI pathogens show to drugs which have been used previously. It is clear from the present study that nitrofurantoin, flouroquinolones and minocyclines are good choices for the treatment of outpatients. To tackle the upcoming problems of ESBL producing E.coli, nitrofurantoin is again a good choice along with amikacin.