HIGH RISK PROSTATE CANCER: COMPARISON OF RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY VERSUS RADIATION THERAPY: EXPERIENCE OF MILITARY HOSPITAL RABAT

Context: To date, there is no Level 1 evidence comparing the efficacy of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy for patients with clinically-localized prostate cancer.

Objective: to evaluate overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival of high risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated either with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) associated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or radical prostatectomy (RP) with adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy and ADT. Also, it is very interesting to compare different acute and late toxicity of the both approach.

Materials and Methods: During a period of 10 years from April 2009 and December 2018, 149 patients with high-risk prostate cancer were admitted to the radiotherapy department of the Mohammed V military hospital in Rabat (HMIMV). Among these patients, 17 underwent surgery followed by EBRT and ADT: this is the experimental arm (Group I) and 34 patients who had benefited from treatment with EBRT with ADT were selected from the other patients by a 1: 2 matching method who will represent the reference group (Group II) to allow a comparison with the experimental arm with the minimum possible bias.

Results: The overall survival (OS) at 5 and 10 years was 100 % in the both arms while relapse free survival at 5 years was 91,7 % and 93,1% respectively in group I and II and at 10 years 91,7% in the group multimodal approach and 88,9 % in the EBRT+ADT group without any significant difference. We note more toxicities in the surgical group with more urinary incontinence (p=0,001) and more erectile dysfunction.

Conclusion: RP with adjuvant EBRT and EBRT+ADT provided similar long-term cancer control for patients with high-risk prostate cancer but with different toxicity profiles.