LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY IN PERIODONTICS –A REVIEW

Periodontal disorders are a group of inflammatory conditions that induce degeneration of the Periodontium and damage the supporting components of the teeth, including gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone, leading to tooth loss. According to WHO, approximately 10-15% of the worlds population suffers from severe periodontal diseases. Periodontal disease pathophysiology is linked to microbial biofilm development,dental plaque, and host cell immunogenicity. The severity of this condition is determined by risk factors and stage of development. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a light source treatment that generates light of a single wavelength. The low-level lasers do not cause temperature elevation within the tissue, but rather produce their effects from photo bio stimulation effect within the tissues.Low-level laser is capable of reducing inflammation and appearance of MMP8 (Matrix Metallopeptidase8) following scaling. LLLT apart from pain reduction is also known to help in repair process and thus subsequently accelerating the wound-healing process. The primary goal of this article is to offer a holistic update on periodontal disease in terms of its occurrence ,stages, pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, and management.