The Need behind Messenger RNA Sequencing Analysis

The current human genome data analysis has revealed that only small fraction of about 1.5% codes for protein when compared to higher eukaryotic genomes available. Most of the genomic DNA is involved in the regulation of gene expression; controlling gene is transcription, post-transcriptional level including controlling the fate of the transcribed RNA molecules, including their stability, the efficiency of their translation and their localization. Messenger RNA (mRNA) has crucial roles in many aspects of gene regulation. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have enlightened advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, extraordinary sequencing speed, high resolution and precision in genomic studies. Currently, these high-throughput sequencing technologies have been generally employed in a variable ways, such as whole genome sequencing, gene expression profiling, targeted sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing as well as small RNA sequencing, to facilitate biological and biomedical research. NGS enables the classification of all RNA transcripts for a given organism (e.g. human, mouse and rat), comprising both the coding mRNA and non-coding RNA, such as snRNAs and snoRNAs, longer than 170 nucleotides in length, irrespective of whether they are polyadenylated or not. However, the huge amount of data created by NGS signifies an excessive challenge. This article talks about the present guidelines for the need behind mRNA sequencing, existing applications of NGS technologies and for selecting suitable tools in genomics, transcriptomics and small RNA research analysis.