DESIGN INTEGRATION OF SCADA, PLC, AND IOT SYSTEMS FOR OPTIMIZING SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT

This study discusses the integration of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), and Internet of Things (IoT) systems to optimize the operation of photovoltaic solar power plants (PLTS). By implementing three main operating modes: Battery to PLC, PV to PLC, and Utility to PLC, the proposed system can improve energy management efficiency, system reliability, and power management flexibility. Battery to PLC mode allows optimal use of battery power when solar energy sources are limited, such as during rainy conditions or at night. PV to PLC mode maximizes the use of solar energy during the day when there is an abundant solar energy source. Utility to PLC mode maintains the continuity of electricity supply from the PLN network when energy from batteries and solar panels is insufficient. These three operating modes create a very beneficial system for its users because it can complement all the shortcomings of conventional solar power generation systems. IoT integration also provides added value in predictive maintenance, reducing operational costs and minimizing the risk of system failure. In addition, IoT integration also makes this system perfect, with remote monitoring that can provide benefits for users, namely time efficiency and ease of system control. The test results show that the integration of SCADA, PLC, and IoT can handle large data volumes and is adapted for larger generating capacities. From an environmental perspective, using this system reduces carbon emissions by maximizing renewable energy. This study provides a framework for applying more efficient and environmentally friendly technologies in renewable energy management. This research can help the development of solar power generation systems that use clean energy sources to be developed further.