COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRE AND POST-OPERATIVE SERUM LIPID PROFILES IN PATIENTS OF GALL STONE DISEASES

Background: Cholelithiasis is a common gastrointestinal disorder treated primarily by cholecystectomy. While the procedure effectively addresses gallstone-related symptoms, its impact on serum lipid profiles remains a subject of ongoing research.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of cholecystectomy on serum lipid profiles in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Methodology: This prospective study included 56 patients (30 females, 26 males) aged 20-80 years undergoing cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Serum lipid parameters, including very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and TC: HDL ratio, were measured preoperatively and one month postoperatively. Paired sample t-tests used to compare pre- and postoperative values.

Results: Significant improvements were observed across all lipid parameters one-month post-cholecystectomy. VLDL decreased from 37.63±12.3 to 31.36±8.7 mg/dL (p<0.001), TC from 195.70±59.842 to 158.4±44.0 mg/dL (p<0.001), TG from 202.02±199.752 to 148.86±105.011 mg/dL (p<0.001), and LDL from 110.23±41.0 to 87.30±32.0 mg/dL (p<0.001). HDL increased from 37.75±10.9 to 48.04±13.7 mg/dL (p<0.001). The TC: HDL ratio improved from 4.96±1.52 to 3.44±0.99 (p=0.003).

Conclusion: Cholecystectomy benefits serum lipid profiles in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis, potentially offering additional metabolic benefits beyond gallstone symptom resolution. These findings suggest broader health implications of gallbladder removal and highlight the need for long-term follow-up studies to understand its impact on cardiovascular risk fully.