ANALYSIS OF ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND MATERNAL OUTCOMES IN VARIOUS MALPRESENTATIONS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Background: Any presentation apart from the vertex is called a malpresentation. This includes brow, face, breech, shoulder and compound presentations. Malpresentation typically cause in increased caesarean sections, which has adverse outcomes for both mother and baby. Early analysis and management can save the obstetricians from complications. Objective: To recognize the causative factors and effect of malpresentation on maternal outcome amongst pregnant women delivering in tertiary care centers Methods: This became a retrospective observe carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Basaveshwarateaching and general hospital and sangameshwar teaching hospital, Kalaburagi for a length of twelve months from 1/10/2023 to 31/9/2024. A total of a 140 pregnant women out of 2869 total delivered women were included in this study.

Results: Among the 140 women analyzed among the total 2869 deliveries between oct2023-sept2024, breech presentation was the most common malpresentation (4.49%) followed by transverse lie 0.24% and face presentation 0.13%, most common in the age group between 20-29 years(53.57%).The commonest etiological factor for breech presentation in this study was preterm (30.2%), for transverse lie and face presentation it was multiparity (71.4% and 75% respectively).The mode of delivery preferred for all the malpresentations was mostly Lower Segment Caesarean section. Conclusion: Management of malpresentation is anongoing challenge for obstetricians. Education regarding the early diagnosis of malpresentation and identification of etiological factors can allowearly referral to tertiary centres for specialist services. Centres which have expertise in conducting vaginal delivery in malpresentations with good intrapartum monitoring and with facilities for caesarean section for better fetomaternal outcome.