ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON THE DEGRADATION OF LAKE ECOSYSTEMS USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

Loktak Lake, situated in Manipur, India, is a globally recognized Ramsar wetland site due to its ecological and socio-economic significance. The lake provides a habitat for diverse species and sustains the livelihoods of local residents. However, it is currently facing sustainability challenges due to increasing human activities. This research examines the environmental health of Loktak Lake by assessing the impacts of these activities through multiple methods. Remote sensing and GIS analysis reveal a rise in agricultural and urban development, as well as deforestation, which have collectively led to a reduction in the lakes area and a decline in water quality. Socio-economic surveys conducted among 20 households indicate that approximately 70% of respondents depend solely on fishing for their livelihood, underscoring the lakes importance. However, this heavy reliance has led to overexploitation and resource degradation. Unsustainable agricultural practices, excessive fishing, and improper waste disposal are identified as major human-induced threats.