ANAPLASTIC EPENDYMOMA (WHO GRADE III) OF THE FOURTH VENTRICLE IN A CHILD: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Anaplastic ependymoma (WHO grade III) is an uncommon and aggressive glial tumor in children, most often located in the posterior fossa, typically arising from the fourth ventricle. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy who presented with persistent headaches and recurrent vomiting.Brain MRI revealed a heterogeneously enhancing fourth-ventricle mass causing triventricular hydrocephalus.The patient underwent gross total resection followed by adjuvant conformal radiotherapy with a total dose of 54 Gy. The postoperative evolution was favorable, with no neurological deficits or radiological signs of recurrence at follow up. This observation emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, multidisciplinary management, and complete surgical removal combined with adjuvant radiotherapy in improving outcomes for pediatric anaplastic ependymomas.