EVALUATION IN VITRO DE L ACTIVITE ANTHELMINTHIQUE DE VITEX DONIANA SWEET.ET CATUNAREGAM NILOTICASTAPF., DEUX PLANTES UTILISEES AU NIGER DANS LE TRAITEMENT DES MALADIES PARASITAIRES

The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the anthelmintic activity of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Vitexdoniana and Catunaregamnilotica, using Lumbricusterrestris as animal material. The phytochemical profile of these extracts was determined using standard characterization methods based on color reactions. Biological tests were conducted at three concentrations (40, 50, and 60mg/mL), with albendazole (40mg/mL) as a positive control and water as a negative control. The activity of the extract was assessed based on the time to paralysis and lethality of the worms. The results showed a positive correlation between the concentration of the extracts and their vermicidal activity. C. nilotica stood out for its strong activity: its hydroethanolic extract at 40 mg/mL induced paralysis on average after 25.72 minutes and lethality after 47.38 minutes, significantly surpassing albendazole (43.94 minutes for paralysis and 61.27 minutes for lethality). In contrast, V. doniana showed weaker activity, with respective values of 50.44 minutes and 57.66 minutes at the same concentration.Phytochemical screening revealed six major classes of secondary metabolites: saponosides, terpenes and sterols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and quinones, found in aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts. These results support the traditional use of these two plants in the treatment of helminthiasis and open up prospects for the development of new therapeutic alternatives.