PROFITABILITY AND DETERMINANTS OF SESAME PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN CHAD: AN ANALYSIS FOR STRATEGIC PROMOTION

Sesame is a strategic cash crop in Chad, representing the second largest agricultural export product after cotton. Despite its proven economic potential,the Chad sesame sector continues to face structural challenges that hinder its optimal development. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap regarding the actual profitability and determinants of sesame production in the province of Logone Occidental, considered the countrys agricultural heartland.The study is based on a quantitative survey of 459 sesame producers,selected through proportional stratified sampling. Data collection covered two agricultural seasons (2023-2025).The analysis combines profitability indicators (net margin, benefit-cost ratio) and an econometric model using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) to identify the determinants of economic performance.The results reveal significant profitability, with a net margin of 195,000 FCFA/ha and a benefit-cost ratio of 1.42. The econometric analysis identifies five major positive determinants: the use of improved seeds, cultivated area,access to credit, membership in a producer organization, and farming experience. Conversely, distance to the market reduces profitability by 1,850 FCFA/km. Technology adopters achieve a profitability 76% higher than non-adopters.To strengthen the sector, four strategic priorities are proposed: facilitate access to quality inputs and credit; consolidate producer organizations; encourage area expansion for economies of scale; and improve market access to reduce transaction costs.