PRINCIPALES PLANTES MEDICINALES UTILISEES DANS LE TRAITEMENT TRADITIONNEL DES MALADIES ANIMALES DANS TROIS COMMUNES DE LA REGION DE MARADI

Medicinal plants are used by breeders in practicing traditional veterinary medicine to treat or relieve animals.The aim of this work is to identify the practices of medicinal plants used in the three communes of the Maradi region. For this purpose, a survey was conducted interviewing 457 breeders. From these results, 30 species were selected distributed in 21 botanical families. Ten (10) species are the most cited including: the species Vachellia nilotica subsp. Adstringens (Schumach. &Thonn.) Kyal.& Boatwr(19.04%),Adansonia digitata(16.66%),Striga hermonthica (Delile) Benth (11.90%), Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (9.52%) and others. The most used parts are the leaves with a frequency of 52%. Maceration is the most used preparation method at 79%. The oral route is the main method chosen to administer the remedy to animals (91%). The frequency of the daily dose once a day during treatments is the most representative at 74% with duration of treatment until cure at 58%. Traditional treatment is much more used by breeders (91%) than modern veterinary medicine. These medicinal plants could serve as a study of phytochemical and biological activity to verify their therapeutic efficacy.