THYROID ANGIOSARCOMA: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Thyroid angiosarcoma is a rare and highly aggressive vascular malignancy associated with poor prognosis due to rapid local invasion and early metastasis. We report the case of a 68-year-old Moroccan woman presenting with a rapidly enlarging cervical mass associated with dyspnea and dysphonia evolving over 3 months. Thyroid function tests were within normal limits. Cervical computed tomography revealed a heterogeneous bilateral thyroid mass measuring 8 cm, with tracheal compression but no clear vascular invasion or lymph node involvementThe patient underwent total thyroidectomy. Histopathological examination showed malignant vascular proliferation. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated strong positivity for ERG, CD31, and CD34, while epithelial markers (cytokeratin AE1/AE3, TTF-1) were negative, supporting the diagnosis of primary thyroid angiosarcoma. Surgical margins were close (<1 mm). Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered to the thyroid bed, delivering a total dose of 66 Gy in 33 fractions. However, pulmonary metastases developed within one month, and the patient died shortly thereafter. This case highlights the aggressive behavior of thyroid angiosarcoma and emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management despite limited therapeutic efficacy.