EMOTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS IN FAMILIES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD

The analysis of the Bene-Antoni test indicates that the child exhibits a predominant emotional attachment to the mother (positive relations 45%, dependency 60%), a moderate attachment to the father (positive relations 35%, dependency 30%), and the lowest attachment to the projective figure Mr. Nobody (positive relations 20%). Negative emotions are primarily directed toward Mr. Nobody (75%), whereas they are minimal toward the parents (10–15%), suggesting a preserved positive relationship with them and the use of a projection mechanism for handling conflicting experiences. In intact families, the mother-child bond (M = 4.30) is stronger than the father–child bond (M = 3.85), whereas in single-parent families, the mother-child bond decreases (M = 3.85) and data regarding the father are unavailable, highlighting the significance of a two-parent system for emotional development. Overall, the pattern demonstrates strong maternal attachment, moderate paternal significance, and the projective direction of negative feelings toward a symbolic figure, consistent with theories of child attachment and family dynamics.