CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF FUNCTIONS AND SUBSTANCE OF BUDDHIST TEMPLES: DEVELOPMENT AND PRESERVATION IN CAMBODIAN SOCIETY

Buddhism has developed in Cambodian society since primitive times. With approximately 95% of the population adhering to Buddhism, the religion has been promoted as the state religion of Cambodia. The number of pagodas, which are intrinsically essential to the Buddhist religion, has increased to about 4,932, including 563 ancient temples across the country. Therefore, this article investigates and identifies the significance and roles of Buddhist temples in terms of development and preservation in Cambodia. Firstly, it explores the significance of Buddhist pagodas in the societal development of Cambodia, with a focus on education, social work, and economic advancement. Secondly, it explores the roles of Buddhist monasteries in conserving Khmer literature, culture, traditions, and ancient records. Finally, given the multiple functions and immense significance of Buddhist temples in societal development and cultural and traditional preservation in Cambodia, it is recommended that the government enhance educational programs within pagodas, expand social welfare services, and promote cultural preservation and heritage projects.