BACTERIOPHAGE THERAPY: A RESURGENCE IN COMBATING MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens is a pressing issue that requires the creation of new therapeutic approaches that differ from the conventional antibiotic mode of action, such as phage therapy.This paper offers a critical review of bacteriophage therapy, the fundamental principles of phage biology and their interactions with bacterial hosts, with emphasis on the challenges presented by biofilm formation and bacterial defense mechanisms. The review also delves into the modern methods of overcoming such obstacles in the form of synergistic therapeutic models and sophisticated bioengineering strategies. Analysis of current clinical data favors the contention that phage therapies are a promising and versatile approach to addressing the global challenge of MDR bacterial disease.