EMPLOYMENT SHOCK, HOUSEHOLD BURDEN, AND PUBLIC HEALTH IN ISRAEL DURING COVID-19 AND THE SWORDS OF IRON WAR, 2020-2024: A SECONDARY POLICY ANALYSIS

Background: Israel experienced two successive but analytically distinct labour-market shocks within a short period: the COVID-19 pandemic and the Swords of Iron War. Each disrupted employment through different mechanisms and carried different implications for public health. Methods: This study uses a secondary policy-analysis design based on public annual indicators for 2020-2024 from the Bank of Israel and the Central Bureau of Statistics, supplemented by OECD and Taub Center analyses. It examines unemployment, employment among adults aged 25-64, inflation, and nominal monthly wages, and interprets the results through a social-determinants-of-health framework.