INTEGRATING INDIAN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS INTO MODERN MANAGEMENT: A PARADIGM SHIFT TOWARD VALUE-BASED AND SUSTAINABLE LEADERSHIP

In an era dominated by Western management models, the search for long-term organizational sustainability has led scholars back to the profound wisdom of the Indian Knowledge System (IKS). This paper explores the integration of indigenous concepts such as Dharma (Ethical Duty), Karmayoga (Selfless Action), and the principles of Arthashastra into contemporary business frameworks. The study adopts a qualitative, hermeneutic approach, involving a thematic analysis of classical Indian texts including the Arthashastra, Bhagavad Gita, and Thirukkural. These ancient tenets are critically mapped against modern Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) metrics and contemporary case studies of Indian startups that have successfully scaled using value-based leadership. The research highlights how ancient Indian perspectives prioritize collective well-being (Sarvodaya) over mere profit maximization. Findings suggest that reviving this indigenous wisdom is a strategic leap toward a more resilient and inclusive global business future.