The effect of Bromodeoxyuridine on Mesenchymal Stem Cells viability and differentiation

Mesenchymal stem cells are sufficient for cell therapy in a large range of diseases. In the process of cell therapy evaluation, tracing the differentiated cells inside the body is considered essential and can be achieved by labeling the stem cells by a marker. One of the markers that can be used for this purpose is the DNA synthesis marker 5-bromo-2-deoxyurudine (BrdU), a thymidine analog that incorporates to DNA of dividing cells during the S-phase of the cell cycle, and is used for birth dating and monitoring cell proliferation. The present study aims to investigate the influence of stem cell labeling bromodeoxyuridine on the biological properties of the in vitro cultured rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This was demonstrated by monitoring morphological features, cluster of differentiation (CD), Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunocytochemistry and differentiation into adipogenic lineage. The findings revealed that incorporated BM-MScs with BrdU showed less viability, changes on cell surface markers and genes expression and less adipogenic potential, So that BrdU is a toxic substance that has cytological effect so we suggest more studies on BrdU and find novel alternative.