Compatibility of Biomimetic Tailor Made Scaffolds Seeded with Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cells: Invitro Study.

Prefabricated porous 3D chitosan based composite scaffolds were characterized physico-chemically and had proved invitro bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF) by use of Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Stem cells are the body’s master cells due to their capacity to grow and mature outside the living body. Aim: Prove the liability of stem cells to grow and expand on different prefabricated chitosan scaffolds. Objective: Investigate the number of cellular expansion for different chitosan based scaffolds of two and three weeks. Materials and Methods: Four different chitosan based scaffolds seeded individually in four identical flasks (25 ml volume). The scaffolds compositions were: Chitosan (CH) only, chitosan loaded with gentamycin sulfate drug (CH/S), chitosan with bioactive glass composite scaffold (CH/G) in ratio of 1:2, and chitosan with bioactive glass composite scaffold loaded with gentamycin sulfate drug (CH/G/S). The control flask contained only undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (UMSCS) with no scaffold. All groups were cultured until 15 and 21 days. Under light microscope, the UMSCS were evaluated histologically and the cell counting was done using a hemocytometer. Results: Chitosan (CH) scaffolds showed an increase (7 × 105) in cell number in comparison to the control (6 × 105) and to the drug loaded scaffolds at different time intervals. Conclusions: The chitosan (CH) scaffold seemed promising for stem cell attachment, expansion, and growth. However, all other scaffold groups showed relatively lesser degree of cellular proliferation. Fortunately; all chitosan based scaffold compositions had been proved non-cytotoxic until 21 days of stem cell culture. Implantation of chitosan-based scaffolds in experimental animals was recommended.