NEOTECTONICS & WATER CHEMISTRY OF GROUND WATER REGIME OF LOWER NARMADA VALLEY PARTS OF MP & GUJARAT STATE INDIA.

The area is situated extreme west at the mouth of Gulf of Cambey at terminus point of basin which forms a oval depression which is elongated and starched in E-W direction and truncated by crossed structural lineaments trending NW –SE, NE-SW direction. The quaternary blanket exposed to post deposition activity which subsequently chiseled by cumulative geostatic and climatic changes resulting into various terraces, pre-quaternary and quaternary surfaces and landform elements of various domains. In the area Narmada channel course is both obstructed & guided and controlled by the cross lineament trending transverse to strongly dominated ENE-WSW to E-W SONATA LINEAMENT resulting in the channel dynamics which suddenly open out which at short range and became sluggish as evident by the disposition of quaternary landscape, river terraces, associated landform elements and channel morphology. The area possesses high ground water potential both at shallow and deep level. The ground water regieme is strongly influence by deep seated linaments and composite fabrics of Sonat system. The various diversified manifestation are recorded in tearms of landscape, morphogenetic, Neotectonic, geothermal and geochemical signatures. In the area chmical aspects of ground water domain has been attempted to across the Narmada north fault (NNF) Narmada south fault (NSF) and their sympathetic farcture system. In the area about 206 water samples from deep bore holes were collected in vertical coloumn to evaluate water chemistry of shallow and deeper aquifers, to understand geochemical processes and integrated water flow, to identify groundwater sources its chemical status its path across the different rock types, different compotent of lineament fractures, subsurface mixing of water , linear and circuitous movement of ground water system in tectonic zone. A total of 118 groundwater samples in between Barwani and Bharouch section were also collected and analyzed for major redicales results are incorporated in this paper. The study points and collection of samples are precisely selected in critical and crucial section with the assistence of satellite imagery and remote sensing techniques. The present study has revealed the relationship between groundwater flow systems and the distribution ofchemical facies with the aid of Geographical Information System (GIS). The study also Identifies the different geochemical processes responsible for the chemical evolution of groundwater chemistry. Analytical results of 43 groundwater samples from pizometers and deep bore holes indicate mean values of cations as Na+ (84.2 mg/l), K+ (4.2 mg/l), Ca2+ (27 mg/l), Mg2+ (11.5 mg/l) and Fe2+ (0.6 mg/l). The anion mean values are (4.5 mg/l), SO3? NO (3.7 mg/l), Cl– (22.5 mg/l) and (2.2 mg/l). Based on mean values, the cations are in order of abundance as Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ > Fe2+ while the anions reveal order of abundance as Cl– > HCO > SO >. The geographical information system (GIS) using inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) delineate two groundwater zones into: Ca-Mg-SO4-Cl and Na-SO4-Cl water types. The Cl, SO4 display consistency where asCO3,HCO3,Mg, Na K mark fluctuation in their occurrence.Na, Ca Mg and HCO3.In Tilakwarda –Barouche section except SO4 Ca Na Mg Cl in shallow aquifer exhibit diverse concentration and diffrential frquency of distribution in depth 620m where as beyond their concentration is isotropic persistent and stable.The former phenomenon appears to be realted with mixing of water due to constant flushing of water under stress across the fault and lineament where later facies is sealed water domain in tectonic ecology with restricted outet along the fault and lineament.The water samples 1 to 23 Na Ca Mg display anisotropic concentration, execpt sample 11,12,13, Mg display highest vales where K is uniform and in consistency and in harmony, Cl and Na display synchronised frequency with little variation in system. These redicales in sample no 23 to 28 show higher peaks whereas other Ca, Na Mg and HCO3 exibit anisotropic mechnisam in rhytems of neoseismic micro events. Whereas the rest is under isotropic concentration.The sampes 50 to 70 the concentration of Na, Mg, Ca and HCO3 suddenly increses with little variation where as whereas SO4 and Cl exhibit harmony in their frequency. The sample no 1 to 10 (10+ 30=40) are in consistency & harmony in frequency distribution and revealed tectonic dislocation in aqufer strata and represnet disciplined inatct water domin with restricted inlet and outlet appers to be along fault and lineament.In the water domain of about 600m the Ca-Mg-SO4-Cl constitutes about 73 % of the chemical facies and its evolutionary trend is due to simple hydrochemical mixing between Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Na-SO4-Cl facies and reverse cation exchange where as 27% represent shallow fresh intact water intact domain which is secured within fault bounded block with in the cross lineament.The chemical facies beyond 600m domain Ca-Na-SO4-Cl and ca CO3, HCO3, HCO3 facies constitutes about 82 and 18 % chemical facies and represents fossil groundwater from deep source across the Narmada north fault (NNF). The Ca-Mg-SO4-Cl facies is persistent in outlet zone under tectonically conealled strata under stress where the other facies Na-SO4-Cl prevails in discharge areas.