02Nov 2018

AYRES SENSORY INTEGRATION FOR THE CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD): A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL.

  • M.Sc. (Occupational Therapy), Assistant Professor, Occupational Therapy Department, Seth GS Medical College,KEM Hospital, Mumbai.
  • M.Sc. (Occupational Therapy), Associate Professor, Occupational Therapy Department,Seth GS Medical College,KEM Hospital, Mumbai.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

For intervention of children with a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), there are many modalities. Sensory Processing issues are present in children with ADHD. There is a wide use of Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI?) to treat children with ADHD. But effectiveness of ASI? in children with ADHD is unknown. The purpose of study was to examine the effectiveness of ASI? Interventions on Participation of the child. Method: Randomized controlled trial, double blind study. Eligible candidates were children having average intelligence with a diagnosis of ADHD, between age of 5 years and 12 years, sensory processing disorder (Some problems or definite dysfunction category on Sensory Processing Measure). Children included in the study received occupational therapy with either protocol. Results: The children in ASI? Group, made gains that were significantly greater than the children in the other group on Goal Attainment Scale and ADHD Participation Profile. Large Effect sizes were found between and within both the outcome measures (1.87 & 0.939). Conclusion: ADHD is complex disorder which embodies issues other than Sensory Processing and will be receptive to the other modes of intervention. ADHD does not only represent sensory processing issues. If existing, the sensory processing issues needs to be addressed specifically, as it will influence the global performance.


  1. Retrieved from http://hedwig.mgh.harvard.edu/sample_size/js/js_associative_quant.html
  2. Abele-Webster L, M.-E. J. (2012). Sensory processing and ADHD in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. The Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(1), 60.
  3. Ayres AJ, M. Z. (1987). Developmental Dyspraxia: Is It A Unitary Function? OTJR, 7(2), 93-110.
  4. Chu S, R. F. (2007). Occupational therapy for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), part 2: a multicentre evaluation of an assessment and treatment package. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 439-48.
  5. Davies PL, T. R. (2010). Evidence Review to Investigate the Support for Subtypes of Children With Difficulty Processing and Integrating Sensory Information. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 64(3), 391-402.
  6. Dunn W, B. D. (2002). Patterns of sensory processing in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. OTJR, 22(1), 4-15.
  7. Fedewa, A. L. (2011). Stability balls and students with attention and hyperactivity concerns: Implications for on-task and in-seat behavior. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 65(4), 393-9.
  8. Ghanizadeh, A. (2011). Sensory Processing Problems in Children. with ADHD, a Systematic Review. Psychiatry Investig, 89-94.
  9. Ghuman JK, A. L. (2008). Psychopharmacological and Other Treatments in Preschool Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Current Evidence and Practice. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 18(5), 413-47.
  10. Gol D, J. T. (2005). Effect of a social skills training group on everyday activities of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Dev Med Child Neurol, 47(8), 539-45.
  11. Gupta, S. K. (2011). Intention-to-treat concept: A review. Perspectives in Clinical Research, 109-112.
  12. http://hedwig.mgh.harvard.edu/sample_si ze/js/js_associative_quant.html. (n.d.).
  13. Johnston, C. &. (2015, March). Interventions for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Year in Review. Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 2(1), 38.
  14. Diane Parham, S. S.-B.-G. (2011). Development of a Fidelity Measure for Research on the Effectiveness of the Ayres Sensory Integration Intervention. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 65, 133.
  15. Lenhard, W. &. (2016, 1 1). Calculation of Effect Sizes. :DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3478.4245. Retrieved 9 29, 2018, from Psychometrica: https://www.psychometrica.de/effect_size.html.
  16. Nandgaonkar Hemant, F. Z. (2018, August). Responsiveness Of APP: Attention Deficit & Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Participation Profile. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 8(8), 354-355.
  17. Nandgaonkar HP, F. Z. (2017). Attention Deficit & Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Participation Profile (APP): Primacies in Parent?s Perception. Indian Journal of Applied Research.
  18. OBrien JC, W. H. (2008). Mechanisms That Underlie Coordination in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder. J Mot Behav, 40(1), 43-61.
  19. Pappas, D. (2006). ADHD Rating Scale--IV (for Children and Adolescents): Checklists, Norms, and Clinical Interpretation. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment , 172.
  20. Schilling, O. L. (2003). Classroom seating for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Therapy balls versus chairs. , 57, . American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 534-541.
  21. , D. L. (2004). Examining alternative seating devices for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Effects on classroom behavior. . United States -- Washington: United States -- Washington: University of Washington.
  22. Segal, R. (1998). The construction of family occupations: A study of families with children who have Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Cananda: CAOT PUBLICATIONS ACE.
  23. Shanley DM, M. L.-C. (2001). Sensory modulation dysfunction in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Dev Med Child Neurol, 43(6), 399-406.
  24. Vandana J Rathod, V. S. (2015). Effect Of Sensory Integration Therapy And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy On Attention Deficit. International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research, 947.
  25. Watemberg N, W. N.-S. (2007). Developmental coordination disorder in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and physical therapy intervention. Dev Med Child Neurol, 920.

[Hemant P Nandgaonkar and Zarine D. Ferzandi. (2018); AYRES SENSORY INTEGRATION FOR THE CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD): A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 6 (Nov). 103-112] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com


Hemant P Nandgaonkar
Seth GS Medical College,KEM Hospital, Mumbai

DOI:


Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/7976      
DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/7976