Bacteriological Quality Analysis of Tap Water of Karachi, Pakistan

Tap water supplies in Pakistan comes from lakes, well, and springs. Tap water samples were studied to assess their bacteriological characteristics and suitability for potable purposes. A cross-sectional epidemiological method was adopted to investigate the tap water of ten main localities of Karachi. The bacteriological examination of water samples included the most probable number of presumptive coliforms, faecal coliforms, and faecal streptococci. The results showed that the total coliform count was detected in all samples of water taken from Karachi Pakistan. Another methods Escherichia coli (EC) medium and Membrane Filtrations Technique also used for the detection of coliforms. In both methods coliforms presence were indicated except sample number eight, that was purified bottle water.The most common group of indicator organisms used in water quality monitoring are coliforms. These organisms are representative of bacteria normally present in the intestinal tract of mammals including human. Contamination of water may occur during its transportation from the plant to the consumer or during storage in a house reservoir. Improving and expanding the existing water treatment and sanitation systems is more likely to provide good, safe, and sustainable sources of water in the long term.