APPROACHES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINES AGAINST HENDRA & NIPAH VIRUS A REVIEW.

Hendra and Nipah viruses from genus Henipavirus are paramyxovirus that can cause diseases that passed between animals and humans. These viruses are responsible for causing diseases that occurs at irregular intervals at some places. Like other paramyxovirus, henipavirus also have the ability to escape the host immune response due to interferon protein; this is due to P gene. The P-gene is responsible for encoding four proteins – C, P, V, & W protein. Currently no vaccines or therapeutic remedies are available which can prevent henipavirus infection. Ribavirin which is used to treat various viral hemorrhagic fevers, in vitro studies of ribavirin against both hendra and nipah virus shows effective inhibition of hendra and nipah virus. The henipavirus have two envelope proteins F & G glycoproteins; the G glycoprotein is an attachment glycoprotein while F is the fusion glycoprotein. The recent tactic to prevent henipavirusinfection focused on direct medication by soluble forms of F & G viral glycoproteins to induce a protective immune response.